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Intellectuals against repressive regimes: Marxists in South Korea.

机译：反对压制政权的知识分子：韩国的马克思主义者。

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摘要

In South Korea the works of Karl Marx were banned until the mid-1980s. Some intellectuals, however, initiated an intellectual movement toward the unity of theory and practice embodied in classical Marxism. They formulated a theory of colonial semi-feudal social formation and of neo-colonial state monopoly capitalism, and established this kind of Marxism as a major and perhaps dominant paradigm in the South Korean humanities and social sciences.;This dissertation is based on interviews with a sample of these intellectuals and a reading of their works in disciplines ranging from economics and sociology to philosophy and literature. The history of the movement is traced from the Japanese occupation to the 1990s. Dissident intellectuals faced severe repression under the military regimes. American approaches such as positivism, behaviorism, development theory, and neoclassical economics were dominant by the end of 1970s. Many intellectuals rejected these approaches in the early 1980s; the Kwangju massacre of 1980 was particularly important in leading many informants to move to Marxism. Many intellectuals were arrested and dismissed from their university positions. These dismissed professors and their students developed effective repertoires of social protest. These included "study rooms," research groups, publications, and ways of dealing with the government authorities. The research groups shared many of the characteristics of revolutionary groups in the natural sciences and can be viewed as carriers of scientific paradigms. Their efforts to change the social structure of South Korea were less successful, although their scholarly and artistic works were sometimes influential in stimulating ordinary Koreans' resistance against the military regimes.;There were significant differences among disciplines. Political science, law and educational science were more conservative than the other fields. Women's studies displayed a more self-effacing style than the mostly male fields. Disciplines differed in the extent to which dissidence was led by senior scholars or stimulated largely by students. They differed in opportunities and difficulties, with workers in spatial sciences facing repression for raising environmental concerns and those in education facing especially severe government repression of attempts to form teachers' unions. Generational differences were also important in all fields.
机译：在韩国，卡尔·马克思的作品一直被禁止使用，直到1980年代中期。但是，一些知识分子发起了一场知识运动，朝着古典马克思主义所体现的理论和实践统一迈进。他们提出了殖民半封建社会形成和新殖民国家垄断资本主义的理论，并将这种马克思主义确立为韩国人文社会科学的主要范式，甚至是统治范式。这些知识分子的样本，并阅读他们在经济学，社会学到哲学和文学等学科领域的著作。运动的历史可以追溯到日本占领时期到1990年代。持不同政见的知识分子在军事政权下受到严厉镇压。到1970年代末，诸如实证主义，行为主义，发展理论和新古典经济学等美国方法成为主流。在1980年代初期，许多知识分子拒绝了这些方法。 1980年的光州大屠杀在带领许多线人转向马克思主义方面尤其重要。许多知识分子被捕并被解雇。这些被解雇的教授及其学生发展了有效的社会抗议手段。其中包括“自习室”，研究小组，出版物以及与政府当局打交道的方式。这些研究小组具有自然科学中革命小组的许多特征，可以被视为科学范式的载体。尽管他们的学术和艺术作品有时在激发普通朝鲜人对军事政权的抵抗方面具有影响力，但他们改变韩国社会结构的努力却收效甚微。政治科学，法律和教育科学比其他领域更为保守。与大多数男性领域相比，女性研究显示出更加自卑的风格。学科在高级学者领导下或在很大程度上受学生激发的异议程度不同。他们的机会和困难各不相同，空间科学领域的工人面临引起环境问题的压制，教育领域的工人面临政府对成立教师工会的企图的特别严厉压制。在所有领域，代际差异也很重要。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kum, In-Sook.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Sociology General.;Political Science General.;History Asia Australia and Oceania.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 293 p.
  • 总页数 293
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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