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Sol-gel synthesis of rare-earth-doped halide optical materials for photonic applications.

机译：用于光子应用的稀土掺杂卤化物光学材料的溶胶-凝胶合成。

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摘要

Halides have received global attention as potential ultra-low loss optical fiber materials and luminescent sources for all-optical amplification in modern telecommunication systems operating at 1.3 and 1.55 {dollar}mu{dollar}m. Unfortunately, conventional processing methods currently have failed in their efforts to produce even near-intrinsic material properties. Based on the well-established notion that sol-gel techniques offer high purity, low processing temperature, and compositionally flexible routes to high quality optics, we examined solution-based approaches to the synthesis of rare-earth-doped halides that provide luminescence in the 1.3 {dollar}mu{dollar}m and 1.55 {dollar}mu{dollar}m telecommunication windows.; Initial studies into metal-organic-derived, ZBLA fluoride glass thin-films proved the spectroscopic performance of dopants was dominated by nonradiative relaxations caused by the presence of remnant carbonaceous species from the precursors. Heat treatments to above the point of glass devitrification did not resolve this problem and dopant emission remained modified by these extrinsic sources of high energy phonons. Inorganic precursors then were studied to circumvent the issues associated with the residual organics.; Amorphous and crystalline single-component halide systems were prepared from aqueous solutions of inorganic chloride salts and their luminescence properties at 1.3 and 1.55 {dollar}mu{dollar}m studied. Pr{dollar}sp{lcub}3+{rcub}{dollar}- and Dy{dollar}sp{lcub}3+{rcub}{dollar}-doped LaF{dollar}sb3{dollar} and LaCl{dollar}sb3{dollar} powders were prepared that exhibited 1.3 {dollar}mu{dollar}m radiative quantum efficiencies of 72 and 78%, respectively, despite chemical analyses that indicated greater than 2% oxide concentrations. The efficiency values represented the highest measured from any halide to-date. Superiority in spectroscopic performance with respect to melt-grown, single-crystal analogs clearly opposed the widely accepted belief that quantum efficiencies are seriously degraded by precursor purity or the presence of oxygen. The results validated our hypothesis that inexpensive, low temperature, aqueous solution-derived materials can possess low-phonon energies.; Luminescence was observed at 1.55 {dollar}mu{dollar}m from Er{dollar}sp{lcub}3+{rcub}{dollar}-doped LaF{dollar}sb3{dollar} prepared by a single-step, solution-fluorination method. Available emission bandwidths 360% larger than current optical amplifier materials were realized from highly rare-earth-doped LaF{dollar}sb3{dollar} transparent gels. The aqueous solution synthesis was found to permit rare-earth solid solubility ranges nearly 50 mole % greater than melt-grown equivalents. This compositional metastability was shown to be process-induced and verified our hypothesis that novel compositional flexibility is enabled by solution-based approaches.
机译：卤化物已成为潜在的超低损耗光纤材料和发光源，可用于在1.3和1.55μm的现代电信系统中的全光放大。不幸的是，常规的加工方法目前未能努力产生甚至接近本征的材料性能。基于公认的溶胶-凝胶技术可提供高纯度，低处理温度以及从组成上灵活的途径到高质量光学器件的观念，我们研究了基于溶液的方法合成稀土掺杂卤化物的方法，该卤化物可提供发光。 1.3 {μm}美元和1.55μm电信窗口。对源自金属有机物的ZBLA氟化物玻璃薄膜的初步研究证明，掺杂剂的光谱性能主要受前体中残留碳质物质的存在引起的非辐射弛豫的影响。高于玻璃失透的热处理不能解决这个问题，并且掺杂物的发射仍然被这些高能声子的非本征源所改变。然后研究了无机前体，以规避与残留有机物有关的问题。由无机氯化物盐的水溶液制备了非晶态和结晶态的单组分卤化物体系，并研究了它们在1.3和1.55μm下的发光性能。 Pr {dollar} sp {lcub} 3+ {rcub} {dollar}-和Dy {dollar} sp {lcub} 3+ {rcub} {dollar}掺杂的LaF {dollar} sb3 {dollar}和LaCl {dollar} sb3制备了{粉末}的粉末，尽管化学分析表明氧化物浓度大于2％，但它们分别表现出1.3 {μm}美元的辐射量子效率分别为72％和78％。效率值代表了迄今为止从任何卤化物测得的最高值。相对于熔融生长的单晶类似物，光谱性能的优越性明显反对了公认的观点，即前驱体纯度或氧气的存在会严重降低量子效率。结果证实了我们的假设，即廉价，低温，水溶液衍生的材料可以具有低声子能量。通过单步溶液氟化制备的掺Er {dollar} sp {lcub} 3+ {rcub} {dollar}掺杂的LaF {dollar} sb3 {dollar}在1.55 {dollar}μm{dollar} m处观察到发光。方法。通过高度稀土掺杂的LaF {dollar} sb3 {dollar}透明凝胶可实现比现有光放大器材料大360％的可用发射带宽。发现水溶液合成允许稀土固体溶解度范围比熔体生长当量大近50摩尔％。这种成分的亚稳定性被证明是由过程引起的，并证实了我们的假设：基于溶液的方法可以实现新的成分灵活性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Ballato, John Michael.;

  • 作者单位

    Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;

  • 授予单位 Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;
  • 学科 Engineering Materials Science.; Physics Optics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 210 p.
  • 总页数 210
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 工程材料学;光学;
  • 关键词

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