• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >In search of the forest primeval: Data-driven approaches to mapping historic vegetation.
【24h】

In search of the forest primeval: Data-driven approaches to mapping historic vegetation.

机译：寻找原始森林：绘制历史植被的数据驱动方法。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Biogeography is the study of the spatial distribution of biota. It is a comparative and observational science that seeks to describe the variations in the spatial patterns of biodiversity through the examination of historical (e.g. vicariance, speciation, and extinction) and ecological (e.g. climate, edaphic, and topographic) factors. Additionally, researchers are increasingly recognizing the role that anthropogenic disturbance regimes have played in shaping current biogeographic patterns. Indeed, in many parts of the world, humans have become the dominant force in alterations to biotic distributions. Since human activities can influence biotic patterns for many years, the interpretation of biogeographic phenomenon without consideration of human influence may lead to erroneous conclusions.;This research is built upon the broad supposition that evaluation of current biogeographic patterns must be predicated on antecedent conditions, typically prior to widespread anthropogenic disturbance regimes. To this end, this research utilizes historical data to create baselines from which subsequent changes in biogeographic patterns can be measured. In a narrow sense, this dissertation focuses on land use, land cover, and woody plant compositional changes in the Arbuckle Mountains of south-central Oklahoma during a period of rapid demographic change (circa 1870 to 1898). In this regard, this research seeks to provide insight into the ecological processes of habitat fragmentation, woody plant encroachment, and mesophication that are believed to have occurred subsequent to the periods under investigation in this research.;In a broader context, this research is an evaluation of how anthropogenic alterations in landscape pattern and processes may affect the distributions of individual woody plant taxon. Though the datasets utilized in this research are unique to the region, the methods employed in this study should be transferable to other areas of interest. Additionally, the patterns and processes under investigation are not unique to the region under investigation. The results of this research, therefore, should be placed within the context of anthropogenic change that has occurred throughout the eastern deciduous forests of North America, particularly in the western cross timbers, in the period following European settlement.;In order to accomplish these goals, this dissertation is divided into two broad research themes. The first employs repeat Public Land Survey System (PLS) data from the 1870s and 1890s, respectively, to quantify changes in landscape structure, woody taxa assemblages, and anthropogenic markers in the Arbuckle Mountains during this period of rapid demographic transition. The second utilizes a Bayesian method known as weights-of-evidence to address the problem of coarse sampling structure of PLS records. The results of this research indicate that the landscape of the Arbuckle Mountains became increasingly fragmented during the approximately 27 years between the two surveys, primarily due to land clearance for agriculture, transportation networks, and anthropogenic structures. Additionally, there were changes in stand composition between the two surveys, implying that these anthropogenic disturbance regimes may be responsible for shifts in biogeographic patterns. The weights-of-evidence method proved to be a statistically valid method to map individual taxon distributions at finer resolutions than afforded from traditional methods of mapping PLS data. These findings will help further elucidate subsequent distributional shifts in these taxa, thereby providing a better understanding of contemporary biogeographic patterns.
机译：生物地理学是对生物群空间分布的研究。它是一门比较和观察科学，旨在通过检查历史（例如，迁徙，物种形成和灭绝）和生态（例如，气候，土壤和地形）因素来描述生物多样性的空间格局的变化。此外，研究人员越来越认识到人为干扰机制在塑造当前生物地理格局中所起的作用。实际上，在世界许多地方，人类已成为改变生物分布的主要力量。由于人类活动可以影响生物模式很多年，因此不考虑人类影响就对生物地理现象进行解释可能会得出错误的结论。本研究基于以下广泛假设：对当前生物地理模式的评估必须基于先前的条件，通常在广泛的人为干扰机制之前。为此，本研究利用历史数据创建了基线，从中可以测量生物地理模式的后续变化。从狭义上讲，本文着眼于快速的人口变化时期（大约1870年至1898年），俄克拉荷马州中南部的阿巴克尔山脉的土地利用，土地覆盖和木本植物的成分变化。在这方面，本研究旨在提供对栖息地破碎，木本植物侵占和中毒的生态过程的洞察力，这些生态过程被认为是在本研究的研究时期之后发生的;在更广泛的背景下，本研究是评估景观格局和过程的人为改变如何影响单个木本植物分类单元的分布。尽管本研究中使用的数据集是该地区独有的，但本研究中使用的方法应可转移到其他感兴趣的领域。此外，被调查的模式和过程并非被调查区域独有。因此，这项研究的结果应放在人类定居的背景下，在欧洲定居之后的整个北美，东部的落叶林中，特别是在西部的横木中。 ，本文分为两个广泛的研究主题。第一种方法分别使用重复的公共土地调查系统（PLS）数据（分别来自1870年代和1890年代）来量化在此快速人口转变时期阿尔巴克山的景观结构，木质类群组合和人为标志物的变化。第二种方法利用称为证据权重的贝叶斯方法来解决PLS记录的粗略采样结构问题。这项研究的结果表明，两次调查之间的大约27年间，阿尔巴克勒山脉的景观变得越来越分散，这主要是由于农业，交通网络和人为结构的土地清理。此外，两次调查之间的林分组成也发生了变化，这意味着这些人为干扰机制可能是生物地理模式发生变化的原因。证据权重方法被证明是一种统计有效的方法，可以比传统的PLS数据映射方法提供更好的分辨率来映射单个分类单元分布。这些发现将有助于进一步阐明这些分类单元的后续分布变化，从而更好地理解当代生物地理模式。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号