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首页> 外文学位 >Sustainable by design: How to build better institutions for fisheries management in British Columbia.
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Sustainable by design: How to build better institutions for fisheries management in British Columbia.

机译：通过设计实现可持续发展：如何在不列颠哥伦比亚省建立更好的渔业管理机构。

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摘要

The contemporary crisis in the world's fisheries has been both predictable and predicted for several decades, and has assumed a consistent pattern: as stocks are fished to commercial extinction, fishing effort is displaced to new, previously unvalued or undervalued stocks. Canada's Atlantic and, increasingly its Pacific, fisheries reflect this global trend.;This study explores whether, and how, the development, implementation and enforcement of appropriate property regimes can slow or arrest the destruction of fisheries and the apparently relentless progression from one depleted fishery to another. To answer this question, empirical evidence is provided through the medium of three case studies of commercial fisheries in British Columbia: (1) the Area C Commercial Clam Fishery on British Columbia's Sunshine Coast; (2) the Heiltsuk Tribal Council Commercial Clam Fishery on B.C.'s Central Coast; and (3) the coast-wide fishery for geoduck clams (Panopea abrupta ). The former two projects represent management experiments in the general intertidal clam fishery, of which the main commercial species is the manila clam (Tapes philippinarum). The last is an example of a recently established, closely held fishery which has experienced dramatic increases in the value of landings.;Institutional analysis of these three cases confirms many of the explanations and predictions that have been generated by the rapidly expanding body of empirical and theoretical literature concerning the successful application of collective property rights systems in the management of common pool resources. Research findings confirm the importance of rules defining resource boundaries and authorized users; the need to appropriately match resource benefits and costs, the significance of group size and heterogeneity for the magnitude and distribution of transaction costs incurred by and in the property regime; and, more generally, the critical need for property regimes to be context specific if they are to link human and natural systems in ways that achieve acceptable levels of ecological sustainability, economic efficiency, and social equity.;Analysis of the case studies in the context of broader trends in fishery management reveals, as well, a pressing need for what might be termed "preventive" or "pre-emptive" institutional design. Rather than waiting (as is usual) for conservation concerns, financial crises, and acute distributional conflicts to compel institutional reform, it is recommended that governments and communities act to ensure that harvesting rights and corresponding responsibilities, including mechanisms for allocation and transfer, are established and understood in the early stages of fisheries development, thereby forestalling serious ecological, economic and social costs.
机译：几十年来，当代世界渔业的危机既可预测也可预测，并且呈现出一种一致的模式：随着鱼类被捕捞到商业灭绝，捕捞努力被转移到了新的，先前未被估价或被低估的种群上。加拿大的大西洋以及越来越多的太平洋渔业反映了这一全球趋势。;本研究探讨了适当的财产制度的发展，实施和执行是否以及如何能够减缓或阻止渔业的破坏以及从一种枯竭的渔业看似无情的发展到另一个。为了回答这个问题，通过对不列颠哥伦比亚省商业渔业的三个案例研究提供了经验证据：（1）不列颠哥伦比亚省阳光海岸的C区商业蛤lam渔业； （2）卑诗省中央海岸的Heiltsuk部落委员会商业蛤Fisher渔业； （3）象拔蚌蛤（Panopea abrupta）的沿海渔业。前两个项目代表了一般潮间蛤类渔业的管理试验，其中主要的商业品种是马尼拉蛤（Tapes philippinarum）。最后一个例子是最近建立的，紧密合作的渔业，其上岸价值急剧增加。；对这三种情况的机构分析证实了由经验和证据的迅速扩展所产生的许多解释和预测。有关集体财产权系统在公共资源池管理中成功应用的理论文献。研究结果证实了定​​义资源边界和授权用户的规则的重要性；需要适当匹配资源收益和成本，群体规模和异质性对财产制度所产生和在财产制度中产生的交易成本的大小和分布的重要性；而且更普遍的是，如果财产制度以实现可接受的生态可持续性，经济效率和社会公平水平的方式将人类和自然系统联系起来，则迫切需要针对具体情况而定；具体情况应根据具体情况进行分析渔业管理更广泛的趋势也表明，迫切需要所谓的“预防”或“先发制人”机构设计。建议不要（通常）等待保护问题，金融危机和严重的分配冲突来迫使机构改革，而是建议政府和社区采取行动，确保建立收获权和相应责任，包括分配和转让机制并在渔业发展的初期就被理解，从而避免了严重的生态，经济和社会成本。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mitchell, Darcy Anne.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Victoria (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Victoria (Canada).;
  • 学科 Political Science Public Administration.;Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 360 p.
  • 总页数 360
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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