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首页> 外文学位 >Human ecology of the riverine people (caboclos or ribeirinhos) along the upper Madeira River with focus on mercury pollution through fish consumption.
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Human ecology of the riverine people (caboclos or ribeirinhos) along the upper Madeira River with focus on mercury pollution through fish consumption.

机译：马德拉河上游的河边人（caboclos或ribeirinhos）的人类生态，其重点是通过食用鱼类造成汞污染。

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Mercury (Hg) has been released into the Amazonian ecosystems as a result of gold mining activities. Organic Hg may be bioaccumulated up the aquatic food chain, of which humans are a top predator. The indigenous riverine population in the Amazon (caboclos or ribeirinhos) who rely on fish as their chief protein food source are therefore exposed to organic Hg, which is known to have neurotoxic effects on humans, especially during the prenatal and early postnatal development of the nervous system.; The interrelationship of gold mining and subsistence fishing are discussed within a broad range of related topics. The Brazilian context in which the gold mining had occurred is considered. From 297 household interviews the information on demography, including occupational activities, fertility, housing, health issues, are addressed for the study population. Also, Hg analysis in 577 fish samples and in hair samples from 550 individuals are presented. Fishing and agriculture are the major activities among the study population. A dietary questionnaire regarding food intake and fish consumption provided important information for the Hg exposure evaluation, which includes: 1) Estimate of Hg ingestion by the whole population (i.e., all age/gender sub-groups); (2) Risk assessment of Hg ingestion for the whole population; (3) Regression models to predict the infant hair Hg concentration; and (4) The native beliefs on fish consumption are compared to the fish Hg concentrations by species.; This dissertation provides a wide range of information within the contextual discussion of the study population regarding their use of the local environmental resources, including the potential consequences of critical levels of Hg exposure through fish consumption. A broader knowledge of the population is necessary to develop the further recommendations. A fish advisory through workshops and community organization is proposed to be carried out among the study population in order to address the current social needs and to prevent the potentially critical Hg exposure.
机译：由于金矿开采活动，汞（Hg）已释放到亚马逊生态系统中。有机汞可能在水生食物链中被生物累积，其中人类是最大的捕食者。因此，以鱼类为主要蛋白质食物来源的亚马逊河土著居民（caboclos或ribeirinhos）暴露于有机汞，众所周知，有机汞对人类有神经毒性作用，尤其是在神经的产前和产后早期发育期间系统。;在广泛的相关主题中讨论了金矿开采和自给性捕鱼的相互关系。考虑到发生金矿开采的巴西情况。通过对297个家庭的访谈，为研究人群提供了有关人口统计学的信息，包括职业活动，生育，住房，健康问题。此外，还对577个鱼样本和550个个体的头发样本中的汞进行了分析。捕鱼和农业是研究人群中的主要活动。一份有关食物摄入和鱼类消费的饮食调查表为汞接触评估提供了重要信息，其中包括：1）估计整个人群（即所有年龄/性别的亚组）摄入的汞； （2）全民摄入汞的风险评估； （3）回归模型预测婴儿头发中的汞含量； （4）将鱼类消费的原生观念与鱼类的汞含量按物种进行比较。在研究人群的背景讨论中，本论文提供了有关他们对当地环境资源的使用的广泛信息，包括通过鱼类消费导致的汞暴露临界水平的潜在后果。为了进一步提出建议，必须对人群有更广泛的了解。建议在研究人群中通过研讨会和社区组织进行鱼类咨询，以解决当前的社会需求并防止潜在的关键汞暴露。

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