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首页> 外文学位 >Social support, stress, and depression: Measurement and analysis of social well-being, mental health, and quality of life in a context of aging and Chinese culture.
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Social support, stress, and depression: Measurement and analysis of social well-being, mental health, and quality of life in a context of aging and Chinese culture.

机译：社会支持，压力和压抑：在老龄化和中国文化背景下对社会福祉，心理健康和生活质量的衡量和分析。

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Stress and social support are two leading approaches to contemporary psychosocial studies of affective functioning and depression. The genuine effects of stress and social support, however, are not made very clear in empirical research because of various confusions among theoretical constructs as well as serious limitations in multidimensional scaling methods. This dissertation aims at advancing the state of the art by providing a comprehensive conceptual scheme to guide operationalization and analysis, as well as, articulating some theoretical and practical approaches to unidimensionalization to improve measurement. The idea of measurement power or scaling effectiveness is discussed to expand the notion of validity in relational studies. Some standardized scaling methods are formulated to establish comparability among various measures and results. A causal model is created by integrating the main research assumptions in the literature as well as by taking into account the potential impacts of aging, gender, and cultural differentiation. A reduced working model as well as some major individual hypotheses are tested against data on 1,504 elderly Chinese living in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou and 204 elderly Chinese Americans living in Los Angeles, which were collected in cross-national surveys conducted during 1990-1992. The outcome is remarkable for an integral and optimal approach to data analysis incorporating both emphases on scale development and hypothesis testing. For each construct, different results obtained with different scale instruments are compared, and those proven more powerful or effective in detecting the relationships among the theoretical constructs are recommended. Holding a multiple and systematic measurement approach to psychosocial research, the study opens up a ground for inquiry and debate. It reveals some unique opportunities for promoting the leading research hypotheses via the Chen Approaches to Unidimensionalized Scaling (CAUS). On the whole, the findings reconfirm significant associations among affective functioning (depression), life stress and social support, with an appropriate understanding of the relationships among mental health, social well-being, and quality of life. The role of personal coping in assuaging stress and depression is also betokened. The hypothetical impact of aging, however, gains only marginal support from the empirical data. Gender difference, on the other hand, is relatively noticeable. Evidence is also obtained for the difference between elderly Chinese and Chinese Americans, though the results do not lend themselves to the myth that Chinese culture is associated with extremely low rates of depression.
机译：压力和社会支持是当代对情感功能和抑郁进行心理社会研究的两种主要方法。然而，由于理论构造之间的各种混淆以及多维缩放方法的严重局限性，在实证研究中，压力和社会支持的真正效果还没有很清楚。本论文旨在通过提供一种全面的概念方案来指导操作和分析，以及阐明一些理论和实践方法来进行一维化以改善测量，来提高技术水平。讨论了测量能力或定标有效性的概念，以扩展关系研究中的有效性概念。制定了一些标准化的缩放方法，以建立各种度量和结果之间的可比性。通过整合文献中的主要研究假设以及考虑到衰老，性别和文化差异的潜在影响，来建立因果模型。在1990年至1992年间进行的跨国调查中，对简化的工作模型以及一些主要的个人假设进行了检验，结果涉及生活在北京，上海和广州的1,504名中国华裔美国人和居住在洛杉矶的204名美国华裔美国人的数据。对于整合了规模开发和假设检验这两个重点的数据分析的整体和最佳方法而言，结果是惊人的。对于每种构建体，将比较使用不同规模的仪器获得的不同结果，并推荐那些被证明在检测理论构建体之间的关系方面更有力或有效的结果。通过对社会心理研究采取多种系统的衡量方法，该研究为探究和辩论奠定了基础。它揭示了一些独特的机会，可以通过Chen的“多维尺度化方法”（CAUS）来推广领先的研究假设。总体而言，研究结果再次确认了情感功能（抑郁），生活压力和社会支持之间的重要联系，并适当地了解了心理健康，社会福祉和生活质量之间的关系。还应注意个人应对在缓解压力和抑郁中的作用。但是，衰老的假设影响只能从经验数据中获得很少的支持。另一方面，性别差异相对明显。尽管华裔与华裔美国人之间的差异也得到了证据，但结果并没有使中国文化与极低的抑郁症发生率有关的神话。

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