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Epic encounters: First Contact imagery in nineteenth and early-twentieth century American art.

机译：史诗般的相遇：19世纪和20世纪初的美国艺术中的首次接触图像。

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摘要

Since the early nineteenth-century when Americans began recording their short history in earnest, European explorers have held a central role in the nation's historical narrative, standing alongside the Founding Fathers as symbols of American ingenuity, determination, and fortitude. The nineteenth century also saw an explosion in the number of representations of first contacts between native populations and European and Euro-American explorers. These works range from fine art examples to illustrations in the popular media and were produced by artists across the artistic spectrum. Despite the popularity of the First Contact subject and its longevity within American art history, the importance of these images has, as of yet, been unexplored.;This dissertation examines First Contact images created in America during the nineteenth and early twentieth-century by artists Robert Walter Weir, George Catlin, Thomas Moran, Albert Bierstadt, and Charles M. Russell. I argue that the subject's popularity can be attributed not just to their importance as depictions of epic moments of transition in national and cultural history, but to the openness, or the mutability, of the subject itself. The first meeting of two people is an event of great possibility and potential, but, as this extended examination of the subject demonstrates, it can also be transformed to communicate vastly different messages at different moments in history.;As Americans simultaneously struggled to create a past, understand the present, and visualize the future, the First Contact subject, with its focus on the ambiguous meeting of two cultures, allowed a site in which to grapple with central questions and anxieties of the period, even as it depicted the past. They are thus complicated paintings that speak not to the facts of contact, but to the purposes served by these constructions and corrupted histories. Reading these First Contact paintings can help to illuminate a nineteenth-century understanding of history and also begin to elucidate the troubled legacy of Native/white relations since Columbus first encountered the New World.
机译：自从19世纪初期美国人开始认真记录自己的短暂历史以来，欧洲探险家就在美国的历史叙事中发挥了核心作用，与开国元勋并肩作战，象征着美国的创造力，决心和坚韧。 19世纪，土著居民与欧洲和欧美探险家之间的首次接触的代表数量也激增。这些作品从美术实例到流行媒体上的插图不一而足，是由各领域的艺术家创作的。尽管首次接触的主题很流行并且在美国艺术史上具有悠久的历史，但这些图像的重要性至今仍未得到探索。本论文研究了19世纪至20世纪初在美国创作的首次接触图像。罗伯特·沃尔特·威尔，乔治·卡特琳，托马斯·莫兰，阿尔伯特·比尔施塔特和查尔斯·拉塞尔。我认为，主题的普及不仅可以归因于其在民族和文化历史上史诗般的转折时刻的描绘，而且还可以归因于主题本身的开放性或可变性。两人的第一次会面是一个巨大的可能性和潜力的事件，但是，正如对此主题的进一步考察所表明的那样，它也可以转变为在历史的不同时刻传达截然不同的信息。过去，了解现在并可视化未来，“首次接触”主题专注于两种文化的meeting昧相遇，即使在描绘过去时，也可以解决这个时期的核心问题和焦虑。因此，它们是复杂的绘画，不是在谈论接触的事实，而是在讲这些构造和腐朽的历史所服务的目的。阅读这些《第一接触》的画作可以帮助阐明十九世纪对历史的理解，也可以开始阐明自哥伦布第一次遇到新世界以来土著/白人关系所困扰的遗产。

著录项

  • 作者

    Elliott, Katherine Lynn.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Iowa.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Iowa.;
  • 学科 Art History.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 317 p.
  • 总页数 317
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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