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首页> 外文学位 >Economic growth and the environment: The economic, political, and social determinants of a complex relationship.
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Economic growth and the environment: The economic, political, and social determinants of a complex relationship.

机译：经济增长与环境：复杂关系的经济，政治和社会决定因素。

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摘要

This dissertation assesses the impact of the assurance of property rights on the potential for environmental stewardship at any level of development. It extends previous research on the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality (Grossman and Krueger 1995, 1994, 1993, 1991; Janicke, Binder, Bratzel, Carius, Joergens, Kern, and Monch 1995; Shafik and Bandyopadhyay 1992), which found a strong relationship between per capita income levels and environmental quality. This research left a crucial questions unanswered: how can governments improve environmental quality at any given level of development? This is the question which this dissertation attempts to answer.;On the empirical side, the dissertation tests the hypothesis that the assurance of property rights positively influences environmental stewardship at any level of development for twelve indicators of environmental quality. The assurance of property rights is approximated by a monetary measure, gauging the trust of a country's population in enforcement-intensive contracts and financial institutions. The results show that for the majority of environmental indicators tested the assurance of property rights is indeed positively associated with environmental quality, and in some cases is even more significant than per capita income levels.;At the same time, the dissertation acknowledges that the assurance of property rights is not a sufficient condition for the achievement of environmentally-desirable outcomes and discusses contextual determinants of a ranking of the environmental desirability of property regimes. Furthermore, the dissertation discusses political, social, and cultural factors frequently identified as determinants of environmental policy and/or quality (government regimes, centralization, policy effort, post-materialism, and income distributions), and provides results of preliminary empirical assessments of their significance.;On the theoretical side, the dissertation highlights that the assurance of property rights reduces transaction costs and increases the expected benefits from natural resources. By improving the assurance of property rights, therefore, governments can provide incentives for a better delineation of property rights and a subsequent reduction in the amount of environmentally vulnerable open-access resources. In addition, the dissertation emphasizes that improvements in the assurance of property rights benefit the potential for environmental stewardship for natural resources under any property regime (private property, common property, state-ownership, and open-access).
机译：本文评估了在任何发展水平上产权保障对环境管理潜力的影响。它扩展了先前关于经济增长与环境质量之间关系的研究（Grossman和Krueger 1995、1994、1993、1991； Janicke，Binder，Bratzel，Carius，Joergens，Kern和Monch 1995； Shafik和Bandyopadhyay 1992）。人均收入水平与环境质量之间的密切关系。这项研究遗留了一个关键的问题：政府如何在给定的发展水平上改善环境质量？这是本论文试图回答的问题。在实证方面，本论文检验了以下假设：在十二个环境质量指标上，产权保证对任何发展水平的环境管理都有正面影响。财产权的保障可以通过货币手段来估算，以此来衡量一国人民对执行密集型合同和金融机构的信任。结果表明，对于大多数经过测试的环境指标来说，财产权的确与环境质量成正相关，在某些情况下甚至比人均收入水平更为重要。财产权的取得不足以实现环境上理想的结果，并讨论了财产制度的环境上理想等级的背景决定因素。此外，本文讨论了经常被确定为环境政策和/或质量决定因素的政治，社会和文化因素（政府体制，集权化，政策努力，后物质主义和收入分配），并提供了对其进行初步实证评估的结果从理论上讲，论文着重指出，产权保障可以降低交易成本，增加自然资源的预期收益。因此，通过改善财产权的保障，政府可以提供激励措施，以更好地划分财产权，并随后减少对环境不利的开放获取资源的数量。此外，论文强调，在任何财产制度（私有财产，公共财产，国家所有权和开放获取）下，对财产权保障的改进都有益于自然资源的环境管理潜力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Fuchs, Doris Andrea.;

  • 作者单位

    The Claremont Graduate University.;

  • 授予单位 The Claremont Graduate University.;
  • 学科 Political science.;Environmental science.;Economics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1996
  • 页码 221 p.
  • 总页数 221
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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