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Organizing an American conscience: The Conference on Science, Philosophy and Religion, 1940-1968. (Volumes I-III).

机译：组织美国的良心：科学，哲学和宗教会议，1940-1968年。 （第I-III卷）。

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摘要

The Conference on Science, Philosophy and Religion was founded in 1940 to mobilize American intellectuals to defend democracy against Nazism and Communism. Its larger aim was to develop an "American conscience," an organizational solution to moral pluralism and a fragmented moral order. Sponsored by the Jewish Theological Seminary, it met for thirty years, providing a truly inclusive ethical dialogue between Protestants, Catholics, Jews and Secularists. Its president, Louis Finkelstein, hoped the Conference would become a "super-Thomas Aquinas or Maimonides" by synthesizing Judeo-Christian values with modern science, but it evolved into a pragmatic experiment in the ethics of process. Members included Harold Lasswell, Harlow Shapley, Richard McKeon, Robert MacIver, Lyman Bryson, and John Courtney Murray, with Talcott Parsons, Pitirim Sorokin, Hans Morgenthau, F.S.C. Northrop, Margaret Mead and Alain Locke associated with it.;The Conference is best known as the place where Mortimer Adler argued for a neo-Aristotelian foundation for democracy against Sidney Hook's scientific pragmatism, but neither Adler nor Hook participated after 1940. The Conference was not an attempt to impose traditionalist religion on American intellectual life, but rather to create a consensus on democratic ethics which would include religious and secular traditions. One of its major accomplishments was to help develop an inclusive ethic of "one-world," which would include non-Western traditions like Buddhism and Hinduism and which was a major alternative to Cold War realism. In this role the group was also closely associated with UNESCO.;The emphasis on the ethics of process operated effectively until the mid-1950s, when Nelson Rockefeller and Henry Kissinger asked them for a "Moral Framework of National Purpose." The Conference was unable to provide this framework, for process ethics could not provide moral principles of use to policy makers. The conflict between an ethics of process and an inclusive ethical universalism grounded in Judeo-Christian values was unresolved. In 1968 the group held its last meeting.;The Conference represents a prototype of inclusive dialogue, but in the end it demonstrates that pragmatist ethics are insufficient, and instead an inclusive ethical universalism, a progressive orthodoxy, is necessary to create a consensus on a normative American moral order.
机译：科学，哲学和宗教会议成立于1940年，目的是动员美国知识分子捍卫民主反对纳粹主义和共产主义。其更大的目标是发展“美国良心”，这是道德多元主义和零散的道德秩序的组织解决方案。在犹太神学院的赞助下，它举行了三十年的会面，在新教徒，天主教徒，犹太人和世俗主义者之间进行了真正包容的伦理对话。它的主席路易斯·芬克尔斯坦（Louis Finkelstein）希望会议通过将犹太教-基督教的价值观与现代科学相结合而成为“超级托马斯·阿奎那或迈蒙尼德”，但它演变成了一种过程伦理学的实用实验。成员包括Harold Lasswell，Harlow Shapley，Richard McKeon，Robert MacIver，Lyman Bryson和John Courtney Murray，以及Talcott Parsons，Pitirim Sorokin，Hans Morgenthau和F.S.C.。诺斯罗普，玛格丽特·米德和阿兰·洛克与之相关联。会议最著名的地方是莫蒂默·阿德勒（Mortimer Adler）主张建立新的亚里士多德民主基础，反对西德尼·胡克（Sidney Hook）的科学实用主义，但阿德勒（Adler）和胡克（Hook）在1940年以后都没有参加。这不是将传统主义宗教强加于美国知识分子生活的尝试，而是试图就包括宗教和世俗传统在内的民主伦理达成共识。它的一项主要成就是帮助发展了一个“世界一体”的包容性伦理，其中包括非西方传统，如佛教和印度教，这是冷战现实主义的主要替代选择。在这一角色下，该小组还与联合国教科文组织密切联系。对过程伦理的强调一直有效地运作到1950年代中期，纳尔逊·洛克菲勒（Nelson Rockefeller）和亨利·基辛格（Henry Kissinger）要求他们提出“国家目的道德框架”。大会无法提供这一框架，因为流程伦理不能为决策者提供使用的道德原则。以犹太教-基督教价值观为基础的过程伦理与包容性伦理普世主义之间的冲突尚未解决。 1968年，该小组举行了最后一次会议。该会议代表了包容性对话的雏形，但最终表明，实用主义道德是不够的，取而代之的是包容性道德普世主义，一种进步的正统观念，需要就包容性共识达成共识。规范的美国道德秩序。

著录项

  • 作者

    Beuttler, Fred W.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Chicago.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Chicago.;
  • 学科 History United States.;Religion General.;Philosophy.;History of Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1995
  • 页码 610 p.
  • 总页数 610
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 宗教;
  • 关键词

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