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Evaluation of free water surface constructed wetlands for treatment of livestock waste in Indiana.

机译：评价印第安纳州用于处理畜禽粪便的自由水面人工湿地。

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Interest in the use of non-traditional waste management systems is increasing. This research determines the feasibility of using free water surface constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment on dairy and swine operations in northern Indiana. Research was conducted on a 16-cell in parallel constructed wetland system at the Purdue University Animal Sciences Swine Research Complex, a 3-cell in parallel constructed wetland system at Norwood Farms, Inc., and a 2-cell in series constructed wetland system at Tom Brothers Dairy. All sites are in the northern third of Indiana. Data were collected from Norwood Farms in 1993 and 1994, and from Purdue University and Tom Brothers in 1994 and 1995. Constructed wetlands may be used as components in total animal waste management systems. These systems reduce levels of nutrients in wastewater, reducing the amount of land needed for final disposal of wastewater through land application. Reductions in carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand, fecal coliform bacteria, total suspended solids, phosphates, total phosphorus, ammonia-nitrogen, and total nitrogen have been achieved with both dairy and swine wastewater. Constructed wetland systems require that raw wastewater be pretreated in lagoons, or similar separation systems, to remove solids from the waste stream. Operators must perform routine system maintenance and follow year-round management plans for wetland systems to be successful. Chemical tracers show that unlined systems, placed on farms where soils have low hydraulic conductivity, pose little threat to groundwater contamination. Designs that incorporate multiple cells in series are recommended. Alternating areas of open water with vegetated areas within wetland systems should improve treatment of ammonia-nitrogen and phosphates. An initial open water area should be used if influent suspended solids levels are above 500 mg L{dollar}sp{lcub}-1{rcub}.{dollar}
机译：人们对使用非传统废物管理系统的兴趣正在增加。这项研究确定了在印第安纳州北部使用自由水面人工湿地处理奶牛和猪场废水的可行性。研究是在普渡大学动物科学猪研究中心的16单元并联湿地系统中进行的，在Norwood Farms，Inc.在3单元并联湿地系统中进行了3单元的串联研究，在汤姆兄弟乳业。所有地点都在印第安纳州的北部三分之一。数据分别于1993年和1994年从Norwood Farms以及1994年和1995年从Purdue University和Tom Brothers收集。人工湿地可用作整个动物废物管理系统的组成部分。这些系统减少了废水中的养分含量，减少了通过土地应用最终处理废水所需的土地数量。乳制品和猪场废水均已实现碳质生化需氧量，粪便大肠菌群细菌，总悬浮固体，磷酸盐，总磷，氨氮和总氮的减少。人工湿地系统要求将原废水在泻湖或类似的分离系统中进行预处理，以从废水中去除固体。操作员必须进行例行的系统维护，并遵循全年的湿地系统管理计划才能成功。化学示踪剂表明，放置在土壤水力传导率较低的农场上的无衬砌系统对地下水污染的威胁很小。建议将多个单元串联在一起的设计。湿地系统内的开阔水域与植被区域的交替区域应改善氨氮和磷酸盐的处理。如果进水悬浮物水平高于500 mg L {dollar} sp {lcub} -1 {rcub}，应使用最初的开阔水域。{dollar}

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