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The politics of industrial policy: The development of United States and German policies towards the semiconductor industry.

机译：产业政策的政治：美国和德国对半导体产业政策的发展。

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摘要

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the governments of the United States and Germany developed specific policies to aid the domestic semiconductor industry. Using a wide variety of interviews and written sources, I examine the politics involved in the formulation, execution, and final effectiveness of these policies. The results of this research contain important findings about the power of corporations, the nature of federalism, and the importance of the nation-state, as well as policy-oriented conclusions.;Several factors give corporations the advantage in controlling science and technology policies: they have leading-edge proprietary knowledge, have an international orientation, and can withdraw from government programs which do not serve their needs. Furthermore, corporations may be able to play governments off against each other. Governments can decrease the influence of major corporations by coordinating policymaking at various levels and opening policymaking to a wider range of groups, although major corporations dominated the policymaking process in both the United States and Germany despite the different state-society structures of these two countries.;From a policy standpoint, the experience of U.S. and German policies towards the semiconductor industry shows that such policies may be beneficial, if adopted with considerable caution. Like "industrial policy," the term "science and technology policy" covers a wide range of programs. The tendency of some such policies to aid large corporations must be balanced against the government's need to gain the cooperation of leading-edge and financially strong firms. The possibility that such programs might cause trade conflicts must be balanced against the need for the government to maintain economic growth and national military security.
机译：在1980年代末和1990年代初，美国和德国政府制定了专门的政策来帮助国内半导体产业。通过广泛的访谈和书面资料，我研究了这些政策的制定，执行和最终效力所涉及的政治。这项研究的结果包含有关公司的权力，联邦制的性质和民族国家的重要性的重要发现，以及政策导向的结论。几个因素使公司在控制科技政策方面具有优势：他们拥有领先的专有知识，具有国际化的定位，可以退出无法满足其需求的政府计划。此外，公司也许可以使政府相互对抗。各国政府可以通过协调各个级别的决策并向更大范围的群体开放决策来降低大公司的影响力，尽管尽管这两个国家的国家社会结构不同，但大公司在美国和德国的决策过程中均占主导地位。从政策的角度来看，美国和德国对半导体行业的政策经验表明，如果采取谨慎态度，此类政策可能是有益的。像“工业政策”一样，“科学技术政策”一词涵盖了广泛的计划。此类政策对大公司的援助倾向必须与政府获得领先和财务实力雄厚的公司合作的需求相平衡。此类计划可能引起贸易冲突的可能性必须与政府维持经济增长和国家军事安全的需要相平衡。

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  • 作者

    Margerum, Christine Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    Northwestern University.;

  • 授予单位 Northwestern University.;
  • 学科 Political science.;Commerce-Business.;International law.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1995
  • 页码 353 p.
  • 总页数 353
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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