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Han and the Chinese other: The language of identity and difference in southwest China.

机译：汉族和其他中国人：中国西南地区的认同和差异语言。

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摘要

This dissertation is concerned with identity in southwest China, an area of great ethnic diversity. Using intensive interviews, discourse analysis, sociolinguistic experimentation, and reading in the contemporary press and historical sources, the dissertation demonstrates that people in Kunming, the capital of Yunnan province, hold views of self and other that are distinctly at odds with official ideology regarding ethnicity, while considerably influenced by such ideology. It investigates fissures running through Chinese society, showing that though contemporary China as a nation possesses a great deal of coherence and unity in some respects, in others it is riven with contradiction and diversity. One of those aspects is language: while Standard Mandarin is understood by the majority of the population, local linguistic varieties retain great vitality and covert prestige--though people who never use Mandarin may nevertheless report appreciation for it.; The dissertation reports about attitudes toward "others," whether stereotypical or informed by experience, and analyzes the dimensions along which difference is established. In turn, understanding of Chinese notions of personhood can be deepened by seeing that difference is the obverse of identity, and that categories of identity and difference are mutually defining.; Finally, the use of the metaphor of "modernization" is shown to pervade the discourse regarding identity, especially that of ethnic differentiation. This infiltration of terminology may be seen as a triumph of the state in its twentieth-century attempt to foster a sense of Chinese nationalism, but in people's ordinary discourse, they use language that shows the imperfect absorption of official views of identity.
机译：本文涉及的是西南地区的民族认同。通过深入的采访，话语分析，社会语言实验以及当代新闻和历史资料的阅读，论文表明，云南省会昆明市的人持有自我和其他观点，这些观点与官方关于种族的意识形态明显不同，同时受到这种意识形态的很大影响。它调查了贯穿中国社会的裂痕，表明尽管当代中国作为一个国家在某些方面具有很大的连贯性和统一性，但在另一些方面却充满了矛盾和多样性。语言是这些方面之一：尽管大多数人都理解标准普通话，但当地的语言品种仍具有强大的生命力和隐秘的声望，尽管从未使用过普通话的人仍然可能对此表示赞赏。论文报告了对“他人”的态度，无论是刻板印象还是经验教训，并分析了建立差异的维度。反过来，只要看到差异是身份的正面，并且身份和差异的类别是相互定义的，就可以加深对中国人格观念的理解。最后，事实证明，使用“现代化”的隐喻充斥着关于身份的论述，尤其是关于种族差异的论述。术语的这种渗透可以看作是国家在二十世纪试图树立中国民族主义的胜利，但是在人们的普通话语中，他们使用的语言表现出对身份认同官方观念的不完美吸收。

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  • 作者

    Blum, Susan Debra.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Michigan.;

  • 授予单位 University of Michigan.;
  • 学科 Language Linguistics.; Anthropology Cultural.; History Asia Australia and Oceania.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1994
  • 页码 402 p.
  • 总页数 402
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 语言学;人类学;世界史;
  • 关键词

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