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Reform and structural change in the Chinese economy: A CGE analysis.

机译：中国经济的改革与结构变化：CGE分析。

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摘要

In this study, a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is developed and used to analyze reform measures that are part of China's transition to a market economy. The policy simulations done with the model focus on the effects of reforms in the system of government planning and on some recent proposals to reform the system of taxation. A detailed 30-sector social accounting matrix (SAM) for 1987 is constructed from Chinese source material and serves as the primary data base for the CGE model.;The China CGE model incorporates a number of features of the present-day Chinese economy. The most important of these features is the "two-tier plan/market" system. Under this system, most Chinese enterprises have been required to sell part of their output at fixed plan prices. Output in excess of plan quotas can be sold at market prices. Similarly, enterprises purchase inputs allocated through the plan at subsidized prices, while the remaining required inputs are purchased through markets.;Because collectives, joint ventures, and private enterprises have been the most dynamic part of the Chinese economy, they are separated from state-owned enterprises in the model. Non-state enterprises have generally been much less subject to the government planning system, paid less in taxes, and had differential access to factors of production. These differences are accounted for in the model. The reduced labor mobility that has been a characteristic of Chinese state-owned enterprises is also modeled.;The China CGE model is used to perform a number of policy simulations. The first set of simulations looks at the effects of reforms in the planning system. Reforms that reduce the level of plan allocations are compared to reforms that raise plan prices toward market levels. For intermediate goods, these reforms are equivalent, although there may be other advantages to reducing the scope of the plan. The second set of simulations examines the potential impact of China's proposed taxation system reforms. The taxation system reforms involve the substitution of a value-added tax for the turnover tax and an equalization of enterprise income tax rates for all forms of enterprise ownership.
机译：在这项研究中，建立了可计算的一般均衡（CGE）模型，并将其用于分析改革措施，这些措施是中国向市场经济过渡的一部分。用该模型进行的政策模拟着重于政府计划体系改革的效果以及最近改革税收体系的一些建议。详细的1987年30部门社会核算矩阵（SAM）是使用中国原始资料构建的，并用作CGE模型的主要数据库。中国CGE模型具有当今中国经济的许多特征。这些功能中最重要的是“两层计划/市场”系统。在这种制度下，大多数中国企业被要求以固定计划价格出售部分产品。超出计划配额的产出可以按市场价格出售。同样，企业以补贴价格购买通过计划分配的投入，而其余所需投入则通过市场购买。由于集体，合资企业和私营企业一直是中国经济中最活跃的部分，因此它们与国家分开。国有企业的典范。通常，非国有企业不受政府计划体系的约束，缴纳的税款更少，而且获得生产要素的方式也有所不同。这些差异在模型中得到说明。还对中国国有企业特有的劳动力流动性下降进行了建模。中国的CGE模型用于执行许多政策模拟。第一组模拟着眼于规划系统中的改革效果。将减少计划分配水平的改革与将计划价格提高至市场水平的改革进行比较。对于中间产品，这些改革是等效的，尽管缩小计划范围可能还有其他优势。第二组模拟检验了中国拟议的税制改革的潜在影响。税制的改革涉及用增值税代替营业额税，并用各种形式的企业所有权实现企业所得税率的均等化。

著录项

  • 作者

    Garbaccio, Richard Frank.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Economics General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1994
  • 页码 184 p.
  • 总页数 184
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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