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首页> 外文学位 >The biology of Pythium splendens and the effect of diuron on root rot of anthurium caused by this fungus.
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The biology of Pythium splendens and the effect of diuron on root rot of anthurium caused by this fungus.

机译：腐霉菌的生物学特性和敌草隆对这种真菌引起的红掌根腐病的影响。

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摘要

Both (+) and {dollar}(-){dollar} mating types of Pythium splendens were isolated from the same soil samples collected from the island of Hawaii. The fungus existed in soil mainly as conidia (sporangia) with diameters ranging from 10-44 {dollar}mu{dollar}m and densities ranging from 24-277/g of dry soil. Germination of oospores of P. splendens required the presence of nutrients and activation with KMnO{dollar}sb4.{dollar} Maximum germination rates were obtained when oospores were harvested from cultures older than 30 days and incubated under light during germination. Oospores from 40-day-old cultures treated with 0.25% KMnO{dollar}sb4{dollar} for 30 min germinated more than 90% under light on modified S+L agar medium. Conidium progeny from isolates of P. splendens tested were similar to their respective parents in growth rate, sensitivity to streptomycin and sensitivity to chloramphenicol. However, selfed-oospore progeny of the same isolates displayed great variation in all these phenotypic characteristics. These results suggest that mycelium of P. splendens is diploid and that the nuclei in the mycelium contained heterozygous genes for these traits. Selfed-oospore progeny from (+) mating type isolates of P. splendens contained (+), {dollar}(-), (pm){dollar} and (0) types, indicating that mycelium probably contains genes for both (+) and {dollar}(-){dollar} mating types. Following sexual reproduction, some segregants gave rise to variable conidium progeny which continued to vary in successive asexual generations. This phenomenon may play an important role in evolution, survival, and development of pathogenicity and fungicide resistance of an organism. Calonectria crotalariae, three species of Pythium and binucleate Rhizoctonia were capable of causing root rot of anthurium and the severity of root rot was greatly increased when the host was treated with diuron. The enhancing effect of diuron on root rot of anthurium caused by P. splendens was mainly due to an increase in susceptibility of the host. The adverse effect of diuron on root rot was completely nullified when plants were treated with metalaxyl before application of diuron.
机译：（+）和{dol}（-）{dol}交配类型的腐霉都从夏威夷岛收集的相同土壤样品中分离出来。真菌主要以分生孢子（孢子囊）的形式存在于土壤中，直径为10-44μm，密度为24-277 / g干燥土壤。 P. splendens卵孢子的萌发需要养分的存在并需要用KMnO {sb4}激活。当从超过30天的培养物中收获卵孢子并在光照下孵育时，可获得最大的萌发率。在改性S + L琼脂培养基上光照下，用0.25％KMnO {sb4 {dollar}处理30天的40天龄培养物的孢子萌发了90％以上。来自被测试的腐烂假单胞菌分离物的分生孢子后代在生长速率，对链霉素的敏感性和对氯霉素的敏感性方面与它们各自的亲本相似。但是，相同菌株的自卵子后代在所有这些表型特征中显示出很大的差异。这些结果表明，锦绣假单胞菌的菌丝体是二倍体，并且菌丝体中的核含有这些特性的杂合基因。来自（+）交配型分离的锦绣假单胞菌的自体卵子后代包含（+），{美元}（-），（pm）{美元}和（0）类型，表明菌丝体可能同时包含两种（+）基因和{dollar}（-）{dollar}交配类型。有性生殖后，一些隔离子产生了可变的分生孢子体后代，其在连续的无性世代中继续变化。这种现象可能在生物体的致病性和抗杀真菌剂的进化，存活和发展中起重要作用。猪屎菌，三种腐霉和双核根瘤菌均能引起红掌根腐病，用敌草隆处理后，根腐病的严重程度大大增加。敌草隆对脾气单胞菌引起的红掌根腐病的增强作用主要是由于宿主敏感性的增加。当在施用双嘧磺隆之前用甲霜灵处理过的植物时，双嘧磺隆对根腐病的不利影响被完全消除。

著录项

  • 作者

    Guo, Liyun.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Hawai'i at Manoa.;

  • 授予单位 University of Hawai'i at Manoa.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Pathology.; Biology Genetics.; Biology Botany.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1994
  • 页码 148 p.
  • 总页数 148
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物病理学;遗传学;植物学;
  • 关键词

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