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首页> 外文学位 >Vertical control by GPS satellite surveying: Rapid methods and high-resolution local geoid computation. Applications to high-accuracy mapping and geophysical data acquisition.
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Vertical control by GPS satellite surveying: Rapid methods and high-resolution local geoid computation. Applications to high-accuracy mapping and geophysical data acquisition.

机译：GPS卫星勘测的垂直控制：快速方法和高分辨率本地大地水准面计算。在高精度制图和地球物理数据采集中的应用。

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摘要

In many geoscientific studies, there is a need for good position control. Thus, the rapid (15 minutes to 1 second observation time) methods of the Global Positioning System (GPS) are important because of their accuracy and efficiency. However the height, sometimes required to within few centimeters (cm), is the most difficult component to determine: ellipsoidal (GPS) heights are more error prone than the horizontal, and a geoid correction is needed to obtain elevations above mean sea level, or orthometric heights. Several GPS and gravity studies were made in different areas for different objectives but also to investigate the best procedures for determining high accuracy vertical control. These studies include a pseudo-kinematic survey of 2700 gravity stations for gravel acquifer exploration in North Dakota, a rapid static survey of 1500 gravity stations for structural studies in Ecuador, airborne kinematic for photogrammetric tests in Florida, land kinematic in Minnesota to map the Red River Valley for flood control and rapid static and kinematic on sea ice in Alaska for gravity monitoring of hydrocarbon reservoirs. The geoid correction is approached through the computation of high resolution local models from Stokes' Integral and using the Fast Fourier Transform technique as implemented by Dennis Milbert. Three geographic regions with new gravity data are considered: topographically subdued North Dakota; topographically high and rugged Nevada (800 new stations); and southeast Ecuador on the east slope of the Andes and Amazon Basin (514 new stations). The effects of topographic variation and gravity data distribution on the recovery of the undulation of the geoid are analyzed in these areas. While the gravity data distribution was adequate for the selected areas in the US, it is very sparse for Ecuador. In North Dakota, no improvement was observed over previous models. In Nevada, the 1-minute local model has captured shorter wavelengths that were missing in the pre-existing 3-minute model and a maximum improvement of about 25 cm is made. Discrepancies of up to 3 meters were found between the 5-minute local geoid and the OSU91a global model for southeast Ecuador. This shows the relevance of local models in areas where the general gravity coverage is poor and proves that the combination of GPS heights and a geoid correction can efficiently produce high accuracy orthometric heights.
机译：在许多地球科学研究中，需要良好的位置控制。因此，全球定位系统（GPS）的快速方法（15分钟至1秒的观察时间）非常重要，因为它们的准确性和效率很高。但是，有时需要在几厘米（cm）内要求的高度是最难确定的组件：椭圆（GPS）高度比水平高度更容易出错，并且需要大地水准面校正才能获得高于平均海平面的海拔，或者正高。在不同区域针对不同目标进行了几次GPS和重力研究，但同时也研究了确定高精度垂直控制的最佳方法。这些研究包括在北达科他州的2700个重力站的拟运动学调查，北卡罗来纳州的砾石含水层勘探，在厄瓜多尔对1500个重力站进行的静态静力学快速调查，在佛罗里达进行摄影测量的空中运动学，在明尼苏达州的陆地运动学绘制了红色流域用于防洪，阿拉斯加的海冰上具有快速的静态和运动学特性，可用于油气藏的重力监测。通过计算斯托克斯积分的高分辨率局部模型并使用由丹尼斯·米尔伯特（Dennis Milbert）实施的快速傅里叶变换技术来实现大地水准面校正。考虑了具有新重力数据的三个地理区域：北达科他州的地形偏弱；内华达州地形高且崎rug不平（800个新站点）；厄瓜多尔东南部和安第斯山脉和亚马逊盆地东坡（新增514个站）。在这些地区分析了地形变化和重力数据分布对大地水准面波动恢复的影响。虽然重力数据的分布足以满足美国特定地区的需求，但对于厄瓜多尔来说却非常稀疏。在北达科他州，没有发现比以前的模型有所改善。在内华达州，1分钟局部模型捕获了较短的波长，而这些波长在先前存在的3分钟模型中是缺失的，并且最大改善了约25 cm。在5分钟的本地大地水准面与东南厄瓜多尔的OSU91a全球模型之间发现了高达3米的差异。这显示了局部模型在一般重力覆盖较差的区域中的相关性，并证明GPS高度和大地水准面校正的组合可以有效地产生高精度的正高。

著录项

  • 作者

    Balde, Mamadou.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Dallas.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Dallas.;
  • 学科 Geophysics.;Geodesy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1994
  • 页码 253 p.
  • 总页数 253
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 康复医学;
  • 关键词

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