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首页> 外文学位 >State and society in Republican China: The rise of Shanghai professional associations, 1912-1937.
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State and society in Republican China: The rise of Shanghai professional associations, 1912-1937.

机译：民国时期的国家和社会：1912-1937年上海专业协会的兴起。

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摘要

This study examines how middle class professionals grew out of and interacted with the modernization process in Republican China and how they played social and political as well as professional roles through their efforts at professionalization. In discussing the role of modern professionals in the process, the study aims to address the larger issue of state-society relations during that period.;The main thesis is as follows: On the one hand, the development of modern professions and professional associations in Republican China was called for by the modernization process itself, and on the other hand, in their efforts at modernization and state-building, successive Republican governments promoted modern professions and sanctioned professional associations. Government sanction provided those associations with legitimacy and the latter gained considerable space to function socially and politically, especially in the national salvation movement of the 1930s. The state played a significant role in helping bring about an emerging civil society of which professional associations were an important part. But throughout the pre-war period, professional associations and other urban voluntary associations never reached the point of becoming a fully institutionalized civil society.;Following the Introduction which lays out theoretical issues, the study is organized in three parts. Part I includes three chapters. Chapter one gives an overview of the modernization process in Shanghai as a historical background to the rise of modern professions. Chapter two defines and describes modern professionals as an urban middle class. Chapter three looks at the role of the state in promoting and regulating modern professions (the legal profession in particular) and its efforts at controlling all societal organizations. Part II has four chapters. Chapter four tells the story of the Shanghai Bar Association as the best organized and most effective professional association. Chapter five deals with the rivalry between the associations of native medical practitioners and those of Western-trained doctors. Chapter six discusses the new career patterns and the new concept of the intellectual's role as reflected in the associational behavior of accountants and engineers. Chapter seven traces the retarded development of professional associations of professors and journalists and highlights the role of nationalism in politicizing and maturing these two groups and their associations. Part III provides the Conclusion to this study.
机译：这项研究探讨了中共专业人士如何摆脱民国时期的现代化进程并与之互动，以及他们如何通过专业化努力发挥社会，政治以及专业作用。在探讨现代专业人士在这一过程中的作用时，本研究旨在解决该时期较大的国家与社会关系问题。主要研究内容如下：一方面，现代专业和专业协会的发展现代化进程本身就要求共和党，另一方面，历代共和党政府在现代化和国家建设方面的努力促进了现代专业的发展，并认可了专业协会。政府的制裁使这些协会具有合法性，后者获得了相当大的空间在社会和政治上发挥作用，特别是在1930年代的救国运动中。国家在帮助建立一个新兴的民间社会中发挥了重要作用，而专业协会是其中的重要组成部分。但是在整个战前时期，专业协会和其他城市志愿协会从未达到成为完全制度化的公民社会的地步。在介绍理论问题的引言之后，研究分为三个部分。第一部分包括三章。第一章概述了上海现代化进程，作为现代专业兴起的历史背景。第二章将现代专业人士定义和描述为城市中产阶级。第三章探讨了国家在促进和规范现代职业（尤其是法律职业）方面的作用，以及在控制所有社会组织方面的努力。第二部分有四章。第四章讲述了上海律师协会是组织最完善，最有效的专业协会的故事。第五章讨论了本地医学从业者协会与西方受训医生协会之间的竞争。第六章讨论了新的职业模式和知识分子角色的新概念，这在会计师和工程师的协会行为中得到了体现。第七章追溯了教授和记者专业协会发展缓慢的情况，并着重指出了民族主义在使这两个群体及其协会政治化和日趋成熟中的作用。第三部分提供了本研究的结论。

著录项

  • 作者

    Xu, Xiaoqun.;

  • 作者单位

    Columbia University.;

  • 授予单位 Columbia University.;
  • 学科 History Asia Australia and Oceania.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1993
  • 页码 504 p.
  • 总页数 504
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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