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The ecology and physiology of inducible agonistic structures in two species of Anthozoa.

机译：两种Anthozoa的诱导型激动结构的生态学和生理学。

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摘要

The first two parts of this study document the presence of inducible agonistic structures in two different order of Anthozoa. Field and laboratory transplant experiments were performed with Discosoma sanctithomae (Corallimorpharia) and Erythropodium caribaeorum (Gorgonacea) to examine the nature of the induction of the structures and to determine their function in competitive interactions with adjacent species.; Discosoma sanctithomae used both modified marginal tentacles and mesenterial filaments to damage adjacent scleractinians. All colonies of Agaricia agaricites transplanted near D. sanctithomae were damaged. Initially D. sanctithomae adjacent to Meandrina meandrites were severely wounded. However, 67% recovered and retaliated within a one to six month period causing damage to M. meandrina which persisted for at least twelve months. Erythropodium caribaeorum develops fields of modified polyps along the edge of their colony adjacent to a variety of soft-bodied anthozoans. These polyps have elongate tentacles termed 'sweeper tentacles'. Such tentacles lack the side branches (pinnules) characteristic of octocorals in general, and bear a bulbous tip (acrosphere) densely packed with holothrich nematocysts. Transplant experiments showed that damage occurs to corals placed in contact with the gorgonian's sweeper tentacles and that sweeper tentacles could be induced when scleractinian corals contacted Erythropodium caribaeorum colony having exclusively normal tentacles.; Erythropodium caribaeorum is, so far, unique among soft-corals because of this ability to form specialized agonistic structures. The formation of the aggressive sweeper tentacles results in a reduction of symbiotic zooxanthellae which may lead to a reduced capacity for photosynthesis. The presence of the sweeper tentacles provide the opportunity to examine the relationship between costs of inducible defenses and the energetics resources of primary production. The second two parts of this study, measure primary productivity and respiration for both normal and sweeper tentacles in an attempt to detect energetic costs of maintaining sweepers. No significant differences were found between normal and sweeper tentacle P max, respiration rates, or P:R values for normal and sweeper tissue from the back-reef. However, both P max and the P:R ratio for normal tissue from the fore reef were significantly lower than normal tissue from the back-reef area. Alternative hypotheses to explain the differences in sweeper tentacle prevalence at two study sites are discussed in chapter 4. The presence of sweeper tentacles is dependent on an appropriate stimulus, a minimum colony size, and an energy supply to maintain them. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：这项研究的前两个部分记录了按两种不同的按蚊属存在诱导型激动结构的情况。现场试验和实验室移植实验是用圆盘假单胞菌（Corallimorpharia）和加勒比红球藻（Gorgonacea）进行的，以检查诱导结构的性质并确定其在与邻近物种竞争性相互作用中的功能。 Discosoma sanctithomae使用修饰的边缘触手和肠系膜细丝来损伤邻近的巩膜。在桔梗D.附近移植的所有姬松茸菌丝体菌落均受到破坏。最初，与Meandrina杂种动物相邻的D. sanctithomae受了重伤。但是，有67％的人在1到6个月内康复并采取了报复行动，对M. meanrina造成了损害，并持续了至少12个月。 Caribaeorum拟南芥沿其菌落的边缘与各种软性拟蝇类动物相邻发展出改良的息肉。这些息肉有细长的触手，被称为“扫触手”。这样的触角通常缺乏八足动物的侧枝（羽状），并带有球状的尖端（顶球），密密麻麻地包裹着富Holothrich线虫囊。移植实验表明，与戈尔贡人的清扫触角接触的珊瑚会受到破坏，当巩膜珊瑚接触仅有正常触角的加勒比红藻菌落时，会诱发清扫触角。到目前为止，由于在动物中的形成能力很强，因此在软珊瑚中还是唯一的。侵略性清扫触角的形成导致共生虫黄藻的减少，这可能导致光合作用的能力降低。清扫触手的存在为检查诱导防御的成本与初级生产的能量资源之间的关系提供了机会。本研究的后两个部分测量正常和清扫触角的初级生产力和呼吸强度，以尝试检测维护清扫器的高能成本。在正常的和清扫的触手P max，呼吸速率或来自背礁的正常和清扫的组织的P：R值之间未发现显着差异。然而，来自前礁的正常组织的P max和P：R比率均显着低于来自后礁区域的正常组织。在第4章中讨论了用于解释两个研究地点的清扫触手患病率差异的其他假设。清扫触手的存在取决于适当的刺激，最小的菌落大小和维持它们的能量供应。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Miles, Julia Scott.;

  • 作者单位

    Northeastern University.;

  • 授予单位 Northeastern University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.; Biology Animal Physiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1992
  • 页码 148 p.
  • 总页数 148
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;生理学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:50:12

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