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The long-term weathering of heavy crude oils.

机译：重质原油的长期风化。

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摘要

An experimental program is described in which crude oils and a synthetic oil were exposed to evaporation in air and dissolution into water under controlled laboratory conditions, thus simulating conditions experienced by an oil slick at the ocean surface. Protocols for conducting these tests are suggested. A set of analytical methods was devised to characterize the changes in oil composition during these weathering conditions. An existing "matrix method" approach was successively adapted to calculate and correlate the change in oil composition resulting from these weathering processes. The model can (with inclusion of a correction factor) adequately predict the changing composition of oil exposed to evaporation, and it is believed to be suitable for dissolution, although experimental confirmation could not be achieved because of the interference of evaporation during dissolution tests. An unsuccessful attempt was made to use this model approach to predict changes in oil density and viscosity. Finally, a laboratory system was devised and tested which had the aim of simulating long term weathering of oil on an ocean surface as it is exposed to evaporation, dissolution, emulsion formation, and possibly photolysis. The system was only partly successful, having insufficient turbulence to simulate ocean-surface conditions. Recommendations are made for changes in analytical methods and for devising a long term weathering system.
机译：描述了一个实验程序，其中原油和合成油在受控的实验室条件下暴露于空气中蒸发并溶解在水中，从而模拟了海面浮油所经历的条件。建议进行这些测试的协议。设计了一套分析方法来表征这些风化条件下油成分的变化。现有的“矩阵方法”方法相继适用于计算和关联由这些风化过程导致的油成分变化。该模型可以（包括校正因子）充分预测暴露在蒸发中的油的变化成分，尽管由于在溶出度试验中蒸发的干扰而无法获得实验确认，但该模型被认为适合溶出。尝试使用这种模型方法来预测油密度和粘度的变化未成功。最终，设计并测试了一个实验室系统，其目的是模拟海洋表面油的长期风化，因为该油暴露于蒸发，溶解，乳化液形成以及可能发生光解作用。该系统仅部分成功，其湍流不足以模拟海洋表面状况。建议更改分析方法并设计长期的风化系统。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lee, Sum Chi.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Toronto (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Toronto (Canada).;
  • 学科 Organic chemistry.;Environmental science.
  • 学位 M.A.Sc.
  • 年度 1991
  • 页码 144 p.
  • 总页数 144
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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