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首页> 外文学位 >Growth and transpirational water use efficiency of pearl millet in response to water and phosphorus supply.
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Growth and transpirational water use efficiency of pearl millet in response to water and phosphorus supply.

机译：珍珠粟的生长和蒸腾水分利用效率对水和磷的供应的响应。

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In the Sahel, pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Schum) is cultivated on sandy soils low in water holding capacity and available nutrients, particularly phosphorus. Because rainfall tends to be low and erratic, soil management must be designed to use available water as efficiently as possible to improve food supply. Towards this end, the influence of soil water and phosphorus supply upon growth and transpirational water use efficiency (WUE(T)) of pearl millet was investigated. Studies reported include (1) a lysimeter/growth analysis experiment using four phosphorus and two water treatments, (2) determination of transpiration and WUE(T) under the conditions stated above, and (3) a growth chamber experiment in which gas exchange characteristics, WUE(T), and starch and chlorophyll contents were determined as a function of phosphorus application in non-water stressed millet plants.; Results indicate (1) phosphorus supply strongly influences amount and distribution of millet biomass under water stressed and non-water stressed conditions; however, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate are relatively unaffected by water and phosphorus supply; (2) increasing phosphorus increases WUE(T) under both water stressed and non-water stressed conditions. Water stress also increases WUE(T), which is not constant over time; and (3) the ratio of photosynthesis to transpiration drops considerably during phosphorus stress, thus offering a physiological explanation for lowered WUE(T). Additionally, chlorophyll and starch content are increased. Results offer agronomic and physiological evidence that water conservation in the Sahel will be a relatively ineffective means of stabilizing and raising millet yields without first addressing soil fertility constraints.
机译：在萨赫勒地区，珍珠小米（Pennisetum americanum（L.）Schum）种植在持水能力和有效养分特别是磷低的沙质土壤上。由于降雨往往很少且不稳定，因此土壤管理必须设计为尽可能有效地利用可用水以改善粮食供应。为此，研究了土壤水分和磷的供应对珍珠粟生长和蒸腾水分利用效率（WUE（T））的影响。报道的研究包括（1）使用四种磷和两种水处理的溶渗仪/生长分析实验，（2）在上述条件下确定蒸腾量和WUE（T），以及（3）具有气体交换特性的生长室实验，WUE（T）以及淀粉和叶绿素含量是在非水分胁迫的谷类植物中磷施用量的函数。结果表明：（1）磷的供应强烈影响水分胁迫和非水分胁迫条件下小米生物量的数量和分布；但是，相对增长率和净同化率相对不受水和磷供应的影响； （2）增加磷在水分胁迫和非水分胁迫条件下都会增加WUE（T）。水分胁迫还会增加WUE（T），随着时间的推移并不是恒定的。 （3）在磷胁迫期间光合作用和蒸腾作用的比率大大下降，从而为降低WUE（T）提供了生理学解释。另外，叶绿素和淀粉含量增加。结果提供了农艺学和生理学证据，即在不首先解决土壤肥力限制的情况下，萨赫勒地区的节水将是稳定和提高小米产量的相对无效的手段。

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