首页> 外文学位 >ACTIONS OF SPIDER VENOMS ON INSECT NERVE AND MUSCLE (ARANEUS DIADEMATUS, STEATODA BIPUNCTATA, TEGENARIA GIGANTEA, LYCOSA CAROLINENSIS).

【24h】

ACTIONS OF SPIDER VENOMS ON INSECT NERVE AND MUSCLE (ARANEUS DIADEMATUS, STEATODA BIPUNCTATA, TEGENARIA GIGANTEA, LYCOSA CAROLINENSIS).

机译：蜘蛛毒液对昆虫神经和肌肉的作用（毛ANE木，硬皮实线虫，巨热线虫，lycosa carolinensis）。

获取原文

获取原文并翻译 | 示例

页面导航

摘要
著录项
相似文献
相关主题

摘要

Available from UMI in association with The British Library. Requires signed TDF.; Effects of venoms from four spider species (representing families with differing predation strategies) were studied on insect nervous systems. Araneus diadematus, Steatoda bipunctata use orb and random 3D webs respectively, to restrain prey prior to silk wrapping and venom injection. Tegenaria gigantea uses sheet webs solely to locate prey, which following capture are subdued by venom. Captive Lycosa carolinensis (uses no web) captures prey by grasping them with chelicerae (equivocal venom usage).; Venom was extracted by "milking" or homogenization of venom apparatus. All venoms affected Musca domestica "righting ability": relative ED{dollar}sb{lcub}50{rcub}{dollar}'s S. bipunctata {dollar}gg{dollar} A. diadematus {dollar}>{dollar} T. gigantea {dollar}>{dollar} L. carolinensis.; Injection of larval Calliphora erythrocephala with each venom induced rapid paralysis. A. diadematus, T. gigantea venoms reduced body wall muscle tone (flaccid paralysis); S. bipunctata, L. carolinensis venoms increased tone (tetanic paralysis).; Each venom increased spontaneous neural activity in Periplaneta americana ventral nerve cord. Heat stable A. diadematus, T. gigantea venom fractions produced, in Schistocerca gregaria retractor unguis (Ru.) muscle, reversible, use-dependent twitch amplitude reduction. In extensor tibiae muscle whole venom caused reductions in amplitude and frequency of evoked excitatory post synaptic potentials (EPSP) and miniature EPSPs respectively and block of ionophoretic glutamate potentials. Thus these venoms contain components which induce use-dependent postsynaptic neuromuscular block which probably synergise with elevated efferent neural activity to facilitate nerve-muscle block.; In contrast, heat labile S. bipunctata venom fraction caused use-independent Ru. muscle contractions. Heat stable L. carolinensis venom fractions either reduced twitch amplitude ({dollar}<{dollar}10kda.) or produced use-independent muscle contractions (10-30kda.). Whole venoms, whilst not affecting ionophoretic glutamate potentials, elicited depolarisation-dependent reductions in EPSP amplitude and increases in miniature EPSP amplitude and frequency. S. bipunctata venom caused nerve terminal disruption and subsequent degeneration of Ru. muscle. These results suggest that the venoms enhance neurotransmitter release.; Links between predation and venom action were not seen. Results are discussed in relation to actions of venoms and toxins from other species of spider.

机译：可从UMI与大英图书馆联合获得。需要签名的TDF。研究了四种蜘蛛（代表不同捕食策略的家庭）的毒液对昆虫神经系统的影响。 Araneus diadematus，Steatoda bipunctata分别使用球体和随机3D纤维网来抑制猎物，然后再进行丝包裹和毒液注射。 Tegenaria gigantea仅使用薄片网来定位猎物，捕获后，其被毒液制服。圈养的Lycosa carolinensis（不使用网）通过用鞭毛虫抓捕猎物（使用明确的毒液）来捕获猎物。通过“挤奶”或均质化毒液装置提取毒液。所有毒液都会影响家蝇的“扶正能力”：相对ED {dollar} sb {lcub} 50 {rcub} {dollar}的S. bipunctata {dollar} gg {dollar} A。diadematus {dollar}> {dollar}T。 gigantea {美元}> {美元} carolinensis。每种毒液注射幼虫Calliphora erythrocephala会引起快速麻痹。 A. diadematus，T. gigantea毒液会降低体壁肌肉张力（松弛性麻痹）； S. bipunctata，L。carolinensis毒液的音调增加（强直性麻痹）。每种毒液都会增加美洲围腹腹神经索的自发神经活动。热稳定的A. diadematus，T。gigantea毒液级分，在Schistocerca gregaria牵开器unguis（Ru。）肌肉中产生，可逆，取决于使用的抽搐幅度降低。在胫骨伸肌中，整个毒液分别引起诱发的兴奋性突触后电位（EPSP）和微型EPSP幅度和频率的降低，以及离子载体谷氨酸电位的降低。因此，这些毒液含有诱导使用依赖的突触后神经肌肉阻滞的成分，其可能与升高的传出神经活性协同作用以促进神经肌肉阻滞。相反，热不稳定的双歧链球菌蛇毒级分引起与使用无关的Ru。肌肉收缩。热稳定的卡罗来纳州蛇毒级分降低抽搐幅度（10美元/千克）或产生与使用无关的肌肉收缩（10-30克/千克）。整个毒液虽然不影响离子载体的谷氨酸电位，却引起去极化依赖性的EPSP振幅降低和微型EPSP振幅和频率增加。 S. bipunctata毒液引起神经末梢破坏和随后的Ru变性。肌肉。这些结果表明毒液增强了神经递质的释放。捕食和毒液作用之间没有联系。讨论了有关蜘蛛其他物种的毒液和毒素作用的结果。

著录项

作者
PEPPER, DAVID R.;
展开▼
作者单位

The University of Nottingham (United Kingdom).;

展开▼
授予单位 The University of Nottingham (United Kingdom).;
学科 Biology Entomology.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 1990
页码 373 p.
总页数 373
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类昆虫学;
关键词

相似文献

外文文献

1. Novel insecticidal peptides from Tegenaria agrestis spider venom may have a direct effect on the insect central nervous system. [J] . Johnson JH, Bloomquist JR, Krapcho KJ, Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology . 1998,第1期

机译：Tegenaria agrestis蜘蛛毒液的新型杀虫肽可能对昆虫的中枢神经系统有直接影响。
2. Venom from the spider Araneus ventricosus is lethal to insects but inactive in vertebrates [J] . Liu Kai, Wang Meichi, Herzig Volker, Toxicon: An International Journal Devoted to the Exchange of Knowledge on the Poisons Derived from Animals, Plants and Microorganisms . 2016,第Null期

机译：蜘蛛Araneus ventricosus的毒液对昆虫具有致死性，但在脊椎动物中没有活性
3. The neuromuscular action of Ancylometes sp. spider venom in the rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation [J] . A. M. T. Gregio, M. G. Heleno, V. R. Von Eicksted, Toxicon: An International Journal Devoted to the Exchange of Knowledge on the Poisons Derived from Animals, Plants and Microorganisms . 1999,第3期

机译：Ancylometes sp。的神经肌肉作用。大鼠神经om制备中的蜘蛛毒
4. Discrete and discontinuous action of brown widow spider venom on the presynaptic nerve terminals of frog muscle. [O] . J D Castillo, D W Pumplin 1975

机译：棕寡妇蜘蛛毒液对青蛙肌肉突触前神经末梢的离散和不连续作用。
5. Discrete and discontinuous action of brown widow spider venom on the presynaptic nerve terminals of frog muscle. [O] . Castillo, J D, Pumplin, D W 1975

机译：棕寡妇蜘蛛毒液对青蛙肌肉突触前神经末梢的离散和不连续作用。

ACTIONS OF SPIDER VENOMS ON INSECT NERVE AND MUSCLE (ARANEUS DIADEMATUS, STEATODA BIPUNCTATA, TEGENARIA GIGANTEA, LYCOSA CAROLINENSIS).

摘要

著录项

相似文献

相关主题

期刊订阅