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Rice improvement through tissue culture: Inheritance of somaclonal variation and improvement of somaculture techniques.

机译：通过组织培养改良水稻：体细胞克隆变异的遗传和体细胞培养技术的改进。

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摘要

The objectives of this research were to study the inheritance of homozygous variation from rice somaculture, to select rice somaclones for increased sheath blight resistance, and to determine the mode of inheritance of the resistance. To accomplish these objectives it was necessary to improve somaculture techniques for rice suspension and protoplast culture especially for the American long-grain cultivars. A method for incorporation of the chemical mutagen, ethyl methane-sulfonate (EMS), into the somaculture system was also developed to increase the frequency of somaclonal variation in tissue culture stable cultivars.;The inheritance of six homozygous variant characteristics from five somaclones was investigated. The white apiculus character was controlled by a single recessive gene. Inheritance of the purple apiculus character was controlled by a single dominant gene. Inheritance of the tall variant character from the mutated semi-dwarf cultivar Lemont was controlled by two complementary dominant genes. Inheritance of the short variant characteristic from the cultivar Labelle was controlled by quantitative genes. The genes responsible for the variant characteristics purple-red hulls and dwarfing in Lemont were not stable in the heterozygous F;Two long-grain somaclonal lines resistant to sheath blight were selected from the Labelle cultivar. The resistance of SC86-20001-5 was controlled by a recessive gene. The resistance of SC86-2000l-33 was controlled by two independently inherited recessive genes.;A successful suspension culture system was established for both indica and japonic cultivars. By utilizing these suspension systems, an efficient system was developed for plant regeneration from rice protoplasts of the U.S. long-grain cultivar Labelle and the japonica cultivar Taipei 309.;By incorporating EMS into callus induction medium at the appropriate concentrations, the inhibitory effect of EMS on plant regeneration was minimized and somaclonal variation frequencies were significantly increased.
机译：这项研究的目的是研究水稻体培养纯合变异的遗传，选择水稻体细胞无性系以增加对白叶枯病的抗性，并确定抗性的遗传方式。为了实现这些目标，有必要改进用于水稻悬浮液和原生质体培养的体细胞培养技术，特别是对于美国长粒品种而言。还开发了一种将化学诱变剂甲烷磺酸乙酯（EMS）掺入体细胞培养系统中的方法，以增加组织培养稳定品种中体细胞克隆变异的频率。研究了5种体细胞克隆的6种纯合变异特征的遗传。白色的蚜虫性状由单个隐性基因控制。紫色虫的遗传由一个显性基因控制。来自突变半矮变种莱蒙特的高变种性状的遗传是由两个互补的显性基因控制的。品种Labelle的短变异特征的遗传是由定量基因控制的。在杂合子F中，负责柠檬红变种特征的基因的紫红色外壳和矮化不稳定；从Labelle品种中选择了两个抗鞘枯病的长粒体细胞无性系。 SC86-20001-5的抗性由隐性基因控制。 SC86-20001-33的抗性由两个独立遗传的隐性基因控制。建立了一个成功的j稻和粳稻悬浮培养体系。通过利用这些悬浮系统，开发了一种有效的系统，用于从美国长粒品种Labelle和粳稻台北台北309的原生质体中再生植物；通过将EMS以适当的浓度掺入愈伤组织诱导培养基中，EMS的抑制作用最小化植物再生，体细胞克隆变异频率显着增加。

著录项

  • 作者

    Xie, Qingjun.;

  • 作者单位

    Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College.;

  • 授予单位 Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College.;
  • 学科 Plant pathology.;Genetics.;Molecular biology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1990
  • 页码 248 p.
  • 总页数 248
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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