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Study of shear and compression waves in shocked calcium carbonate.

机译：冲击碳酸钙中剪切波和压缩波的研究。

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摘要

In-material transverse and longitudinal particle velocity histories were measured in Carrara marble (polycrystalline calcium carbonate) under combined compression-shear, plate impact loading to peak levels between 0.5 GPa and 5 GPa (0.8% to 11% density compression). To accurately time-correlate the shear and compression waves, a method was implemented to simultaneously measure individual particle velocity components in a single experiment.;The shear waves were dispersive. They had significant amplitudes over the entire range investigated, suggesting the marble retains strength up to 5 GPa. The longitudinal waves had an unsteady and complex structure, including a rarefaction shock, suggesting the occurrence of phase transformations and yielding.;Shear, compression, and longitudinal release wave speeds were determined from the measured histories. Longitudinal stress and density were calculated from the measured histories using a surface fitting method to analyze non-self-similar waves. The shear and bulk moduli in the shocked marble were determined from the measured wave speeds and calculated peak densities.;The locus of peak longitudinal stress-density states is offset substantially above the hydrostat for single crystal calcite except at the highest peak stress, suggesting shock and hydrostatic loading might produce the same phases above 4.5 GPa.;The shear wave speeds in the shocked marble exhibit a decrease associated with the calcite-CaCO;The bulk modulus values agree reasonably well with hydrostatic data up to 9% compression. At 11% compression, the shock datum falls substantially below the hydrostatic data. This result demonstrates that it is inappropriate to infer production of CaCO;Because the measured wave speeds provide frozen phase-composition bulk modulus values, the peak mean stress is not obtained from the integral of the experimentally-determined bulk modulus values.;A process of transformation-enhanced plasticity, observed under hydrostatic loading, is suggested to contribute to the features in the compression waves.
机译：在卡拉拉大理石（聚碳酸钙）中，在组合压剪，板冲击载荷至0.5 GPa至5 GPa（0.8％至11％密度压缩）之间的峰值水平下，测量了材料内部的横向和纵向颗粒速度历史。为了精确地将剪切波和压缩波进行时间相关，采用了一种在单个实验中同时测量各个粒子速度分量的方法。剪切波是分散的。它们在整个研究范围内都有明显的振幅，表明大理石保留了高达5 GPa的强度。纵向波具有不稳定和复杂的结构，包括稀疏冲击，表明发生了相变和屈服。剪切，压缩和纵向释放波的速度是根据测量的历史确定的。使用表面拟合方法从测量的历史记录中计算出纵向应力和密度，以分析非自相似波。根据测得的波速和计算出的峰值密度确定受冲击大理石的剪切模量和体积模量;除了最大峰值应力外，单晶方解石的峰值纵向应力密度状态的轨迹基本上偏离静水压以上，这表明冲击静水载荷可能会产生高于4.5 GPa的相同相。；冲击大理石中的剪切波速度与方解石-CaCO有关，而下降；体积模量值与静水数据在9％压缩率下相当吻合。压缩率为11％时，冲击数据将大大低于静水压力数据。该结果表明，推断CaCO的产生是不合适的;由于测得的波速提供了冻结的相组成的体积模量值，因此无法从实验确定的体积模量值的积分中获得峰值平均应力。建议在静水载荷下观察到相变增强的可塑性有助于压缩波的特征。

著录项

  • 作者

    Aidun, John Bahram.;

  • 作者单位

    Washington State University.;

  • 授予单位 Washington State University.;
  • 学科 Geophysics.;Physics Condensed Matter.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1989
  • 页码 311 p.
  • 总页数 311
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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