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首页> 外文学位 >Yield and water use efficiency of low and high abscisic acid wheat lines under water stress.
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Yield and water use efficiency of low and high abscisic acid wheat lines under water stress.

机译：水分胁迫下低，高脱落酸小麦品系的产量和水分利用效率。

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摘要

Scope of study. Based on its role in stomatal closure under water stress, the plant hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), might improve photosynthetic water use efficiency (WUE) and drought resistance. Stable carbon isotope discrimination ({dollar}triangle{dollar}) is an indirect method of selecting for WUE in C{dollar}sb3{dollar} plants. Spring wheat lines selected divergently for ABA accumulation potential were grown in well-watered and drought-stressed regimes under a rain shelter. Leaf water relations, bulk-leaf ABA content and WUE were measured on 2 low and 2 high ABA selections in 1987 and 1988. Biomass, grain yield and {dollar}triangle{dollar} were determined at maturity. Biomass, grain yield and {dollar}triangle{dollar} were determined in 20 low and 20 high ABA selections in 1988. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare steady-state photosynthesis and water relations in leaves of three low and three high ABA selections under water stress.; Findings and conclusions. Among four ABA selections, WUE tended to be higher in the low-ABA class than the high-ABA class, in association with lower stomatal conductance. Averaged over 1987 and 1988, biomass was higher in the low-ABA class. Among 40 ABA selections, grain yield and biomass were higher in the low-ABA class, while harvest index was higher in the high-ABA class. Although ABA classes did not differ in {dollar}triangle{dollar} under watered or stressed regimes variation among ABA selections for {dollar}triangle{dollar} was significant. Positive correlations between grain yield and {dollar}triangle{dollar} were measured. Regression equations predicted low-ABA selections have a twofold higher grain yield per unit increase in {dollar}triangle{dollar} than high-ABA selections under drought. In the laboratory, mesophyll capacity for photosynthesis was significantly higher in the low-ABA class. Stomatal conductance decreased slightly more in the high-ABA class, but the magnitude of the reduction in CO{dollar}sb2{dollar} assimilation was similar for both ABA classes under water stress. WUE was higher in the low-ABA class under well-watered conditions, but ABA classes did not differ in WUE under water stress. In conclusion, gas exchange measurements showed higher WUE in low-ABA selections than high-ABA selections, but measurements of {dollar}triangle{dollar} did not reflect this difference. Low-ABA selections were more productive than high-ABA selections under well-watered or water-stressed conditions.
机译：研究范围。基于其在水分胁迫下气孔关闭中的作用，植物激素脱落酸（ABA）可能会提高光合水分利用效率（WUE）和抗旱性。稳定的碳同位素判别（{三角形} {dollar}）是在C {dollar} sb3 {dollar}植物中选择WUE的间接方法。在雨水遮蔽下，在水分充足和干旱胁迫的地区种植了为ABA积累潜力选择不同的春小麦品系。在1987年和1988年分别对2个低和2个高ABA选择进行了叶片水分关系，大叶ABA含量和WUE的测量。在成熟时测定了生物量，谷物产量和{三角形}。 1988年测定了20种低和20种高ABA品种的生物量，籽粒产量和{美元}三角{美元}。进行了室内实验，比较了三种低和三种高ABA品种在水下的稳态光合作用和水分关系。强调。;结论和结论。在四个ABA选择中，低ABA级的WUE倾向于高于高ABA级的WUE，并且气孔导度较低。平均水平在1987年和1988年之间，低ABA类的生物量更高。在40种ABA的选择中，低ABA类的谷物产量和生物量较高，而高ABA类的收获指数较高。尽管在浇水或压力条件下，{三角形}的ABA类别没有不同，{三角形}的ABA选择之间的差异是显着的。测量了谷物产量与{美元}三角形{美元}之间的正相关。回归方程预测，在干旱条件下，{ABA}的三角形单价提高的情况下，低ABA选择的单晶产量比高ABA选择高出两倍。在实验室中，低ABA类的叶肉光合作用能力明显更高。在高水分胁迫下，气孔导度略有下降，但是在水分胁迫下，两种水分代谢下CO {sb2sb2 {dollar}同化的降低幅度相似。在水分充足的条件下，低ABA类的WUE较高，但是在水分胁迫下ABA类在WUE上没有差异。总之，气体交换测量结果显示，低ABA选择比高ABA选择具有更高的WUE，但是{dol}三角形{dollar}的测量并未反映出这种差异。在水分充足或缺水的条件下，低ABA的选择比高ABA的选择更有生产力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Read, John Jay.;

  • 作者单位

    Oklahoma State University.;

  • 授予单位 Oklahoma State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.; Biology Plant Physiology.; Biology Botany.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1989
  • 页码 82 p.
  • 总页数 82
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农学（农艺学）;植物学;植物学;
  • 关键词

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