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The economic reforms of Diocletian.

机译：戴克里先的经济改革。

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The economic reforms of Diocletian rarely have been studied as a complete entity, since modern scholars have concentrated on individual aspects of them. This dissertation explores his reforms in detail treating them both individually and as a whole, to ascertain the emperor's purpose and effectiveness in late Roman economics. Major topics are: (1) Political and Military Measures, (2) Tax Assessment, (3) Coinage Reform and Circulation, (4) Price Edict, (5) Philosophy of Reform and Building Program.; The political and military measures ensured the safety of the empire, with the Tetrarchy allowing an orderly transmission of power and the provincial reform standardizing the empire.; As far as Diocletian's tax reform is concerned, modern scholars traditionally have viewed it as rigid and oppressive. The evidence, however, contradicts this, since the reform took into account local variations and attempted to make the collections equitable.; After the disastrous third century policies of continual debasement, Diocletian reintroduced a bimetallic standard by issuing a sound gold piece, the aureus, a new pure silver coin, the argenteus, and a silver-washed coin, the nummus. Research shows that the coinage reform succeeded as witnessed by the circulation pattern of the nummus.; The most controversial reform, the Price Edict of 301 A.D., has been dismissed as unrealistic and ineffective. The evidence, however, indicates that the price level for most commodities, in comparison to other periods, was equal or above market value. In addition, the purpose of the Price Edict seems to have been to stabilize the coinage after a reform in 301 A.D. and/or to supply the government annona.; An examination of the philosophy behind Diocletian's reforms indicates that many of these had been suggested and enacted throughout the third century A.D. This implies that the emperor was not a radical reformer, but rather that he completed many changes begun a century before.; Diocletian's building program throughout the empire shows that the provinces experienced a re-birth in public works. This further indicates that the economic reforms were successful and reached all levels of society. This success is also shown by the fact that while inflation was under control during Diocletian's reign, it ran rampant under Constantine.
机译：戴克里先的经济改革很少被作为一个完整的整体来研究，因为现代学者将注意力集中在戴克里先的各个方面。本论文详细探讨了他的改革，无论是整体还是整体，都对其进行了研究，以确定皇帝在罗马后期经济学中的目的和效力。主要议题有：（1）政治和军事措施；（2）税收评估；（3）造币改革和流通；（4）价格法令；（5）改革和建设计划哲学。政治和军事措施确保了帝国的安全，四级制允许权力有序地转移，省级改革使帝国得以标准化。就戴克里先的税制改革而言，现代学者传统上将其视为僵化和压迫性的。然而，由于改革考虑了当地的差异并试图使收藏品公平，因此证据与此矛盾。在灾难性的三世纪持续贬值政策之后，戴克里先发行了一个纯金币，金黄色，一个新的纯银币，阿根廷银币和一个洗银币，即蛇蝎，从而重新引入了双金属标准。研究表明，硬币的改革是成功的。最有争议的改革是公元301年的《价格法令》，它被认为是不现实和无效的。但是，有证据表明，与其他时期相比，大多数商品的价格水平等于或高于市场价值。此外，《价格E令》的目的似乎是在公元301年改革后稳定造币和/或为政府提供年鉴。对戴克里先式改革背后的哲学的考察表明，其中许多是在整个公元三世纪提出和颁布的。这意味着皇帝不是激进的改革者，而是他完成了一个世纪以前的许多变革。戴克里先在整个帝国的建筑计划表明，各省经历了公共工程的重生。这进一步表明，经济改革是成功的，已经遍及社会的各个层面。戴克里先（Diocletian）统治期间通货膨胀受到控制，但在君士坦丁（Constantine）统治下，通货膨胀猖ramp，也证明了这一成功。

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