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Modeling acid transport and non-uniform etching in a stochastic domain in acid fracturing.

机译：在酸破裂中的随机域中模拟酸传输和非均匀蚀刻。

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摘要

Success of acid fracturing depends on uneven etching along the fracture surfaces caused by heterogeneities such as variations in local mineralogy and variations in leakoff behavior. The heterogeneities tend to create channeling characteristics, which provide lasting conductivity after fracture closure, and occur on a scale that is neither used in laboratory measurements of acid fracture conductivity, which use core samples that are too small to observe such a feature, nor in typical acid fracture simulations in which the grid block size is much larger than the scale of local heterogeneities. Acid fracture conductivity depends on fracture surface etching patterns. Existing acid fracture conductivity correlations are for random asperity distributions and do not consider the contribution of channels to the conductivity. An acid fracture conductivity correlation needs the average fracture width at zero closure stress. Existing correlations calculate average fracture width using dissolved rock equivalent width without considering the effect of reservoir characteristics.;The purpose of this work is to develop an intermediate-scale acid fracture model with grid size small enough and the whole dimension big enough to capture local and macro heterogeneity effects and channeling characteristics in acid fracturing. The model predicts pressure field, flow field, acid concentration profiles, and fracture surface profiles as a function of acid contact time. By extensive numerical experiments with the model, we develop correlations of fracture conductivity and average fracture width at zero closure stress as a function of statistical parameters of permeability and mineralogy distributions.;With the model, we analyzed the relationships among fracture surface etching patterns, conductivities, and the distributions of permeability and mineralogy. From result analysis, we found that a fracture with channels extending from the inlet to the outlet of the fracture has a high conductivity because fluid flow in deep channels needs a very small pressure drop. Such long and highly conductive channels can be created by acids if the formation has heterogeneities in either permeability or mineralogy, or both, with high correlation length in the direction of the fracture, which is the case in laminated formations.
机译：酸裂成功与否取决于异质性（例如局部矿物学的变化和泄漏行为的变化）引起的沿断裂面的不均匀蚀刻。异质性往往会形成通道特征，在裂缝闭合后提供持久的电导率，并且其发生的规模既不用于实验室的酸性裂缝电导率测量，也不能使用太小而无法观察到这种特征的岩心样品。酸性裂缝模拟，其中网格块大小远大于局部非均质性的规模。酸断裂电导率取决于断裂表面蚀刻图案。现有的酸裂缝电导率相关性适用于随机凹凸分布，并且不考虑通道对电导率的影响。酸性裂缝电导率相关性需要零闭合应力下的平均裂缝宽度。现有的相关性使用溶解的岩石当量宽度来计算平均裂缝宽度，而不考虑储层特征的影响。这项工作的目的是建立一个中等规模的酸性裂缝模型，该模型的网格尺寸应足够小，整个尺寸应足以捕获局部和局部裂缝。酸压裂中的宏观非均质性效应和窜动特征。该模型预测压力场，流场，酸浓度曲线和裂缝表面曲线随酸接触时间的变化。通过对该模型的大量数值实验，我们得出了零闭合应力下裂缝电导率与平均裂缝宽度的相关性，作为渗透率和矿物学分布统计参数的函数;通过该模型，我们分析了裂缝表面蚀刻方式，电导率之间的关系。 ，以及渗透率和矿物学的分布。从结果分析中，我们发现具有从裂缝的入口到出口延伸的通道的裂缝具有较高的电导率，因为深通道中的流体流动需要非常小的压降。如果地层在渗透率或矿物学或这两者中均具有异质性，并且在裂缝方向上具有较高的相关长度，那么这种长且高导电性的通道就可以由酸产生，层压层就是这种情况。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mou, Jianye.;

  • 作者单位

    Texas A&M University.;

  • 授予单位 Texas A&M University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Petroleum.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 194 p.
  • 总页数 194
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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