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Design of heat and power recovery systems for energy conservation in chemical plants.

机译：用于化工厂节能的热电回收系统设计。

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This thesis presents new strategies for the design of power cycles to satisfy the heating and power demands of chemical processes. Methods for the design of efficient heat exchanger networks (HEN) have been extended to include the power cycles of utility systems and refrigeration systems. Because of the high energy and capital costs of these systems, their inclusion in the heat and power integration problem further reduces the energy consumption of the process by allowing heat integration between the power cycles and the heat recovery network of the process, and among the power cycles themselves.; The heat and power integration problem is formulated as a nonlinear programming (NLP) model using an optimality criterion as a design objective that includes the energy-capital trade-offs for the power cycles. The strategies utilize the Temperature Interval method and permit the efficient use of negative heat deficits to obtain lower cost designs. Also, a technique for the lumping of temperature intervals is developed, which often increases the efficiency of optimization without adversely affecting the solution.; Initially, a NLP model is formulated for the integration of the heat engines and heat pumps with the process. The model permits an easy assessment of the alternatives for integration and the potential working fluids. Then, an algorithm is presented for the synthesis of cascade refrigeration systems, integrated with the process, with alternate working fluids, and optimized over a continuous range of operating temperatures. Finally, a nonlinear programming strategy is presented for the synthesis of utility systems that satisfy the heating and power demands of the process at 100 percent efficiency. The utility system is modelled as a cascade of heat engines that exchange heat with the process and among themselves. Mass exchange between the adjacent heat engines produces lower pressure designs and provides heat for the process over a broader range of temperatures for a given power demand. Through mass integration, it was discovered that simple Rankine cycles are adequate to generate the complex utility systems that characterize industrial practice. Process examples are presented to illustrate the utility of these models.
机译：本文提出了一种新的动力循环设计策略，以满足化学过程的加热和动力需求。设计高效热交换器网络（HEN）的方法已扩展到包括公用系统和制冷系统的电源循环。由于这些系统的能源和资金成本很高，因此通过允许功率循环和过程的热回收网络之间以及功率之间的热集成，将它们包含在热和功率集成问题中可以进一步减少过程的能耗自行循环。使用最优性标准作为设计目标，将热电功率集成问题公式化为非线性规划（NLP）模型，该设计标准包括功率周期的能量-资本权衡。这些策略利用了“温度间隔”方法，并允许有效利用负热量不足来获得成本更低的设计。同样，开发了一种用于温度间隔集总的技术，该技术通常可以提高优化效率，而不会对解决方案产生不利影响。最初，制定了NLP模型以将热引擎和热泵与过程集成在一起。该模型可以轻松评估集成方案和潜在的工作液。然后，提出了一种用于级联制冷系统的合成算法，该算法与该过程集成在一起，并使用其他工作流体，并在连续的工作温度范围内进行了优化。最后，提出了一种非线性规划策略，用于合成公用系统，该公用系统以100％的效率满足过程的加热和功率需求。该实用程序系统被建模为一系列热机，它们与过程以及彼此之间进行热交换。相邻热机之间的质量交换产生较低的压力设计，并为给定的功率需求在更大的温度范围内为过程提供热量。通过大规模集成，发现简单的兰金循环足以生成表征工业实践的复杂公用事业系统。给出了过程示例以说明这些模型的实用性。

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