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Textile export quotas: Pricing, management and allocation. The experience of Taiwan.

机译：纺织品出口配额：定价，管理和分配。台湾的经验。

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摘要

Voluntary Export Restraints (VER), usually the results of bilateral trade negotiations, have become everincreasingly popular in international trade since early 1980's. Traded goods ranging from cars and steel to textile and shoes are subject to VER to a certain extent. The management and allocation of import/export quotas has become one of the most important jobs of the restraining countries accordingly.;The export quotas give the exporters the right (but not the obligation) to export the underlying product within a certain time limit, therefore have all the characteristics of options. Three basic quota pricing models are proposed according to the volatilities of the product's cost and price. More complicated models are also developed to accommodate various allocation rules such as penalties on failure to export and compensation for early surrender of quotas. It is shown that quotas may have negative prices under the allocation rules, which is actually observed in the quota market.;Starting 1987, the transfer of export quotas among exporters has been legalized. There are two ways to transfer quotas. One is called annual transfer in which the buyer gets the right to export but the seller keeps the right to future quota allotment. The other is called permanent transfer in which the buyer gets both rights. Models that evaluate quotas under both types of transfers are developed.;This thesis also discusses models that can help exporters to make better production and financing decisions in the presence of quota market. Finally, the government is suggested to cooperate with other restraining countries to increase total exports without breaking the restrictions. All countries subject to similar restrictions can exchange quotas among one another using the relative price as a guide in setting exchange ratios. Welfare will increase without harming the importing country.;This thesis begins with a brief discussion of the effects of quota restrictions on the welfare of both the importing and exporting countries. The current textile trade agreements between Taiwan and its major trading partners are also briefly described along with the way Taiwan allocates textile export quotas among exporters.
机译：自1980年代初以来，自愿出口限制（VER）通常是双边贸易谈判的结果，在国际贸易中越来越受欢迎。从汽车和钢铁到纺织品和鞋子的贸易商品在一定程度上受VER的限制。因此，进出口配额的管理和分配已成为限制国家最重要的工作之一。出口配额赋予出口商在一定期限内出口基础产品的权利（但不是义务），因此具有选择的所有特征。根据产品成本和价格的波动性，提出了三种基本的配额定价模型。还开发了更复杂的模型来适应各种分配规则，例如对出口不合格的处罚和尽早放弃配额的补偿。事实证明，根据分配规则，配额可能具有负价，这在配额市场上实际上是可见的。1987年开始，出口配额在出口商之间的转移已合法化。有两种转移配额的方法。一种称为年度转移，其中买方获得出口权，但卖方保留未来配额分配的权利。另一种称为永久转让，其中买方获得两项权利。建立了评估两种转移方式下配额的模型。本文还讨论了可以帮助出口商在存在配额市场的情况下做出更好的生产和融资决策的模型。最后，建议政府与其他限制国家合作，以增加总出口量而又不违反限制条件。受到类似限制的所有国家都可以使用相对价格作为设定汇率的指南来相互交换配额。在不损害进口国利益的前提下，将增加福利。本文首先简要讨论了配额限制对进口国和出口国福利的影响。还简要介绍了台湾与其主要贸易伙伴之间当前的纺织品贸易协定，以及台湾在出口商之间分配纺织品出口配额的方式。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lee, Joseph Tsun-siou.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Business Administration Management.;Economics Finance.;Economics Theory.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1988
  • 页码 93 p.
  • 总页数 93
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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