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RICH FORESTS, POOR PEOPLE, AND DEVELOPMENT: FOREST ACCESS CONTROL AND RESISTANCE IN JAVA

机译：丰富的森林，贫困的人与发展：爪哇的森林出入口控制和抗性

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摘要

This thesis examines the notion that forestry, in addition to being the science of tree production, comprises a political-economic system for controlling forest access. Forest access control entails land control, species control, and labor control; it is mediated by prevailing state ideologies. Peasant resistance to forest access control tends to reflect specific types of control imposed in particular forest settings.;An historical perspective is taken to analyze the sociology of forestry in Java. The origins of modern forestry in Java lie in the nineteenth-century German model of forest management adopted by the Dutch colonial state. The state superimposed European notions of land control over traditional mechanisms for forest labor and species control, monopolized commercial teak production, and reshaped forest village social structure in ways which facilitated forest production and protection. Since the Japanese occupation and the emergence of the independent Indonesian state, significant environmental and social changes have altered the context within which the State Forestry Corporation of Java controls forest land, species, and labor. The misfit of the custodial forest management system is evidenced particularly by forest villagers' persistent land-based, species-based, and ideological resistance to external control.;These conclusions are based on three stages of data collection. The first consisted of a year's fieldwork in two forest villages in Central Java and rapid rural appraisals in some twenty other forest villages. I interviewed reforestation laborers, loggers, traders, farm families, and foresters and other government officials from provincial to village levels. I also collected land-use histories and ethnobotanical data, household income studies, time allocation studies, and sample surveys on household land and forest use. Official documents, position papers, and in-depth interviews with key forestry administrators and planners completed this data set.;In the second stage, I participated in group problem-solving sessions during six weeks of social forestry training for field foresters. Historical research, using Dutch forestry and cultural journals and colonial reports comprised the third research stage. Not all these data are presented in this dissertation, but all contributed to my understanding of the dynamics of state forestry and local use.
机译：本文研究的观点是，林业除了是树木生产的科学之外，还包括控制森林进入的政治经济体系。森林获取控制包括土地控制，物种控制和劳动控制；它是由普遍的国家意识形态所调解的。农民对森林进入控制的抵制倾向于反映在特定森林环境中实施的特定类型的控制。；以历史的观点来分析爪哇林业的社会学。爪哇现代林业的起源在于荷兰殖民地国家采用的19世纪德国森林管理模式。国家将欧洲的土地控制观念与传统的森林劳力和物种控制机制，垄断的柚木生产以及重塑森林村的社会结构的方式叠加在一起，以利于森林生产和保护。自从日本占领和印度尼西亚独立国家的出现以来，重大的环境和社会变化已经改变了爪哇国家林业公司控制林地，物种和劳动力的环境。森林村民对土地，土地和物种的意识形态以及对外部控制的意识形态抵制，尤其证明了托管森林管理体系的不当性。这些结论基于数据收集的三个阶段。首先是在中爪哇的两个森林村进行了一年的实地考察，并在另外二十多个森林村进行了快速的农村评估。我采访了从省到村的造林工人，伐木工人，商人，农民家庭，林务员和其他政府官员。我还收集了土地使用历史和民族植物学数据，家庭收入研究，时间分配研究以及有关家庭土地和森林利用的抽样调查。正式文件，立场文件以及与主要林业行政人员和规划人员的深入访谈构成了该数据集。在第二阶段，我参加了为期六周的针对野外林业的社会林业培训的小组解决问题会议。使用荷兰林业和文化期刊的历史研究以及殖民地报告构成了第三研究阶段。本文并没有介绍所有这些数据，但是所有这些数据都有助于我对州林业和当地利用动态的理解。

著录项

  • 作者

    PELUSO, NANCY LEE.;

  • 作者单位

    Cornell University.;

  • 授予单位 Cornell University.;
  • 学科 Social structure.;Environmental science.;Forestry.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1988
  • 页码 458 p.
  • 总页数 458
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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