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Economic efficiency in the production of low-volume rural roads: An application of radial measures of efficiency

机译：小批量乡村道路生产中的经济效率：径向效率度量的应用

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摘要

The principle objectives of this study were twofold: first was the examination of the ability of rural local governments to produce a public good in an economically efficient manner, and the second was to compare and contrast alternative empirical methods used to obtain efficiency measures. The principle policy option examined was jurisdictional consolidation as a method to enhance production efficiency and reduce long-run costs.;Farrell type measures of efficiency are both estimated, using parametric statistical methods, and computed using nonparametric mathematical programming methods, for a cross-section of observations for a sample of townships from three Midwestern states: Illinois, Minnesota and Wisconsin. A total of 446 observations are employed in this research. The data are available from a mail survey of township officials, the Census of Governments and engineering cost studies.;By dividing cost minima, obtained from the reference set, by observed cost, an overall measure of input use efficiency was obtained. For the typical township in the sample the overall measure of input use efficiency was.3488 from the nonparametric method and.3839 from the parametric method. These measures suggest that over 60 percent of the cost of producing low-volume rural roads may be unnecessarily incurred because of input use patterns inconsistent with cost minimization. A simple regression model projecting road mileage onto the efficiency measures suggest that the two empirical methods produced contradictory evidence on the jurisdictional consolidation policy option.;An additional source of economic inefficiency examined and reported centers on the concept of returns to size. Results of the nonparametric method suggest that current costs could be reduced by 30 percent if output levels were altered to coincide with levels consistent with the minimum of the long-run average cost curve. Both methods identified over 80 percent of the total sample as exhibiting output levels consistent with increasing returns to size. These results supports the policy option of consolidation of jurisdictional responsibilities in the production of low-volume rural roads.;The extent of the economic inefficiencies identified in this research may be viewed as lower bounds on the degree of inefficiency. The data used in this analysis was not collected with the study of economic efficiency in mind. Future research should be based on data collected with the study of economic efficiency in mind.
机译：这项研究的主要目标是双重的：首先是对农村地方政府以经济上有效的方式生产公共物品的能力的考察；其次是比较和对比用于获得效率测度的其他经验方法。审查的主要政策选择是通过司法管辖权合并来提高生产效率并降低长期成本。Farrell类型的效率测度既可以使用参数统计方法进行估计，也可以使用非参数数学编程方法来计算。对来自中西部三个州（伊利诺伊州，明尼苏达州和威斯康星州）的城镇样本的观察结果。本研究共采用446个观测值。这些数据可以从对乡镇官员的邮件调查，政府普查和工程成本研究中获得。通过将参考集中获得的最低成本除以观测成本，可以得出投入使用效率的总体衡量指标。对于样本中的典型乡镇，投入使用效率的总体衡量标准为：非参数方法为3488，参数方法为3839。这些措施表明，由于投入使用模式与成本最小化相矛盾，可能不必要地造成了生产小批量乡村道路的成本的60％以上。一个简单的回归模型将公路里程数投影到效率度量上，表明这两种经验方法在管辖权合并政策选择上产生了矛盾的证据。经济效率低下的另一个来源是报告并以规模收益的概念为中心。非参数方法的结果表明，如果将产出水平更改为与长期平均成本曲线的最小值一致的水平，则可以将当前成本降低30％。两种方法都将总样本的80％以上确定为具有与增加的规模收益一致的产出水平。这些结果支持了在小批量农村公路生产中合并管辖权的政策选择。本研究中确定的经济效率低下的程度可被视为效率低下的下限。分析中使用的数据并非出于对经济效率的研究而收集的。未来的研究应基于收集到的数据，同时考虑到经济效率的研究。

著录项

  • 作者

    Deller, Steven C.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;

  • 授予单位 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;
  • 学科 Agricultural economics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1988
  • 页码 229 p.
  • 总页数 229
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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