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The relationship between vehicle emissions control program features and vehicle emissions.

机译：车辆排放控制程序功能与车辆排放之间的关系。

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摘要

The automobile has become a formidable human health and welfare problem. Much work has been done studying the effects of automobile exhaust emissions. It is clear that large scale corrective action is required to mitigate this problem.; In order to help meet air quality standards, the Federal government has required states and localities with excessive automotive emissions to implement motor vehicle emission control inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs. These I/M programs have been designed in various ways according to individual state and locality preferences. The problem with these many program designs lies in determining which programs work best. A study was needed to develop a method to make this determination.; The objective of this study was to compare selected I/M programs representing the broadest possible scope of existing designs. Data relating to I/M program design and vehicle emissions were analyzed. The major source of this data was the United States Environmental Protection Agaency (USEPA). Data was collected by the National Center for Vehicle Emissions Control and Safety (NCVECS), located at Colorado State University.; Fifteen cities were studied. Nine of these had I/M programs while six did not. The non-I/M cities were used as a control group. Comparisons were made among the I/M cities and non-I/M cities.; A total of ten hypotheses were formulated and tested. Several different statistical tests were employed for the analyses.; Results of the study showed that some of the differences among I/M program designs were related to differences in emissions from vehicles surveyed in those I/M program locations. Other design differences however, were not related to emissions.; Important findings of the study suggest the following relationships: (1) Centralized I/M programs appear to work somewhat better than decentralized I/M programs. (2) Registration enforced I/M programs appear to work better than windshield sticker enforced I/M programs. (3) I/M inspections consisting of a tailpipe exhaust measurement plus a visual inspection appear to work better than I/M inspections with only one of these components. (4) The length of time a particular I/M program was in operation did not appear to be related to its effectiveness.
机译：汽车已经成为人类健康和福利的巨大问题。研究汽车尾气排放的影响已经做了大量工作。很明显，需要采取大规模的纠正措施来减轻这个问题。为了帮助达到空气质量标准，联邦政府要求汽车尾气排放量过多的州和地区实施汽车尾气排放控制检查和维护（I / M）计划。这些I / M程序已根据各个州和地区的喜好以各种方式设计。这些许多程序设计的问题在于确定哪个程序效果最好。需要进行研究以开发一种进行此确定的方法。这项研究的目的是比较代表现有设计的最大范围的选定I / M程序。分析了与I / M程序设计和车辆排放有关的数据。该数据的主要来源是美国环境保护署（USEPA）。数据由位于科罗拉多州立大学的国家汽车排放控制和安全中心（NCVECS）收集。研究了15个城市。其中有九个拥有I / M程序，而六个没有。非I / M城市用作对照组。在I / M城市和非I / M城市之间进行了比较。总共提出并检验了十个假设。进行了几种不同的统计检验。研究结果表明，I / M程序设计之间的某些差异与在这些I / M程序位置中所调查的车辆排放的差异有关。然而，其他设计差异与排放无关。该研究的重要发现表明以下关系：（1）集中式I / M程序似乎比分散式I / M程序好一些。 （2）强制注册的I / M程序似乎比挡风玻璃强制实施的I / M程序更好。 （3）由尾气排放测量和外观检查组成的I / M检查似乎比仅使用其中一个组件的I / M检查效果更好。 （4）特定I / M程序运行的时间长度似乎与其有效性无关。

著录项

  • 作者

    Beebe, Joseph F.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Education Industrial.; Engineering Automotive.; Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1987
  • 页码 90 p.
  • 总页数 90
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自动化技术及设备;环境科学基础理论;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:50:58

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