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首页> 外文学位 >Crop model evaluation of precipitation, planting date, and nitrogen application interaction effects on corn yields in Central America.
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Crop model evaluation of precipitation, planting date, and nitrogen application interaction effects on corn yields in Central America.

机译：中美洲降水，播种日期和氮肥交互作用对玉米产量的作物模型评估。

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摘要

Crop yield models are useful for estimating potential production, the effects of supplemental irrigation and other production aspects of agriculture. Crop and weather simulation models are powerful tools for developing strategies for increasing crop yields and reducing risks of crop failure in the developing countries where there is dependence on rainfed agriculture.; An incomplete gamma function was used to determine the probability of occurrence of the rainfall at the 5, 50, 75 and 95% levels using precipitation data of San Jose, Costa Rica from 1888 to 1972. The results were compared with probability levels estimated from WMAKER model.; The PLANTGRO model was used to compare relative yields predicted using WMAKER generated climatic data and measured daily climatic data. The measured and generated precipitation were used as input to the crop model.; The daily measured weather data from several years at 9 meteorological stations was selected to predict relative yield of corn using the PLANTGRO model. The values of relative yield of corn determined for each stations considering different planting dates were ranked to determine frequency of distribution. The different frequencies of distribution of relative yield of corn were examined to identify the optimum period of predicted planting date for different conditions of soil and length of season.; The interactions of irrigation and nitrogen on corn yield at San Andres, El Salvador were evaluated from values of predicted corn yield generated by the CERES-Maize model. High coefficients of correlation were found between actual and simulated yield values when previous adjustments of the model were made for various conditions.; CERES-Maize and NITWAT models were used to determine total N-uptake by the corn plant. The high correlation of values of N-uptake for both models means that either one of the models was satisfactory for determining N-uptake of nitrogen by the corn plant.; Simulated values of yield response to nitrogen applied at different times and for different planting dates were calculated using the CERES-Maize model during 17 years in order to evaluate the optimum number of applications of nitrogen. The highest yield response to N fertilizer was obtained when the fertilizer was applied on three separate dates during the wet season. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
机译：作物产量模型可用于估算潜在产量，补充灌溉的影响以及农业的其他生产方面。作物和天气模拟模型是制定战略的有力工具，这些战略在依赖雨养农业的发展中国家中提高了作物的产量并减少了作物歉收的风险。利用不完全的伽马函数，利用哥斯达黎加圣何塞1888年至1972年的降水数据，确定了5％，50％，75％和95％降雨发生的概率。将结果与WMAKER估算的概率水平进行了比较模型。; PLANTGRO模型用于比较使用WMAKER生成的气候数据和测得的每日气候数据预测的相对产量。测量和产生的降水被用作作物模型的输入。使用PLANTGRO模型，选择了9个气象站几年来的每日每日气象数据，以预测玉米的相对产量。对考虑到不同播种日期的每个站点确定的玉米相对产量值进行排名，以确定分布频率。研究了玉米相对产量的不同分布频率，以确定不同土壤条件和季节长度的最佳播种期。萨尔瓦多圣安德烈斯市的灌溉和氮素交互作用对玉米产量的影响是通过CERES-Maize模型产生的预测玉米产量值进行评估的。当对各种条件进行模型的先前调整时，在实际和模拟的产量值之间发现高的相关系数。使用CERES-Maize和NITWAT模型确定玉米植株的总氮吸收量。两种模型中N吸收值的高度相关性意味着这两个模型中的任何一个对于确定玉米植物对N的氮吸收而言都是令人满意的。为了评估最佳氮肥施用量，使用CERES-玉米模型在17年中计算了在不同时间和不同播种日期对氮肥的产量响应的模拟值。在雨季的三个不同日期施肥，可获得最高的氮肥产量响应。 （摘要经作者许可缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Zuniga, Edgar Martinez.;

  • 作者单位

    Utah State University.;

  • 授予单位 Utah State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1987
  • 页码 208 p.
  • 总页数 208
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农学（农艺学）;
  • 关键词

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