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首页> 外文学位 >The effects of various temperature treatments during seed stratification on abscisic acid, germination and seedling growth in peach.
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The effects of various temperature treatments during seed stratification on abscisic acid, germination and seedling growth in peach.

机译：种子分层过程中不同温度处理对桃的脱落酸，萌发和幼苗生长的影响。

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Peach seeds (Prunus persica (L) Batsch), 'Halford', were used in studies of stratification temperatures in relation to germination, physiological dwarfing and abscisic acid (ABA) content.; Optimum chilling temperatures for germination after 12 weeks were 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar} to 7{dollar}spcirc{dollar}C, with significant responses at 0{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, 3{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, and 15{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, but no germination at {dollar}-5spcirc{dollar} and 25{dollar}spcirc{dollar}. The rate of dormancy release was relatively slow during the first 4 to 8 weeks of stratification.; Alternation of 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}C with 10{dollar}spcirc{dollar} in daily cycles enhanced seed germination compared to continuous 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}. However, diurnal temperatures of 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}/15{dollar}spcirc{dollar} and 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}/25{dollar}spcirc{dollar} resulted in partial and complete negation of the chilling effect, respectively. This indicates that the temperature threshold for promotion/inhibition in 'Halford' Peach seeds is between 10{dollar}spcirc{dollar} and 15{dollar}spcirc{dollar}.; Interruption of stratification at 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}C with one week of 30{dollar}spcirc{dollar} after 3 weeks of the cold treatment resulted in induction of secondary dormancy. However, when this interruption was given after 6 weeks of 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, only partial induction of secondary dormancy occurred. This interruption shortened the new chilling needed for the seeds to germinate to a level similar to that obtained with continuous 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}.; Physiological dwarfing responses (PDR) were lowest in plants produced after chilling at 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}C, with higher incidences from lower or higher temperatures, from diurnal temperature cycles and from partially chilled seeds. The warm temperature interruption also resulted in higher PDR. PDR assayed were plant height, number of nodes and number of nodes with abnormal leaves.; Seed stratification at {dollar}-5spcirc{dollar}, 0{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, 3{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, 7{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, 15{dollar}spcirc{dollar} and 25{dollar}spcirc{dollar}C for 12 weeks caused 63% to 86% decline in ABA levels, yet dormancy was not broken in all treatments. The decline in ABA content was faster and larger in seeds stratified at 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}/10{dollar}spcirc{dollar}, 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}/15{dollar}spcirc{dollar} and 5{dollar}spcirc{dollar}/25{dollar}spcirc{dollar} alternating daily temperatures. It ranged from 87% to 100%. In both the constant and alternating treatments, the major drop in ABA concentrations occurred during the first 4 weeks. Decline in ABA concentrations alone was not sufficient to terminate seed dormancy. Warm temperature interruption during stratification, that partially induced secondary dormancy, resulted in a significant drop in ABA concentration.
机译：桃种子（Prunus persica（L）Batsch），“ Halford”被用于研究与发芽，生理矮化和脱落酸（ABA）含量有关的分层温度。 12周后发芽的最佳冷却温度为5到40摄氏度，其中0到30摄氏度，3到3摄氏度有显着响应，和15 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}，但在{dollar} -5spcirc {dollar}和25 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}没有发芽。在分层的最初4到8周内，休眠释放的速度相对较慢。与连续5 {sp} {dol}相比，在每日周期中将5 {sp} {dol} C与10 {sp} {dol}交替使用可增强种子发芽。但是，每日温度为5 {splar} / 15 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}和5 {dollar} spcirc {dollar} / 25 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}的昼夜温度导致部分和完全抵消了冷却效果， 分别。这表明'Halford'桃子种子中促进/抑制的温度阈值在10 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}和15 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}之间。经过3周的冷处理后，在5摄氏度时用1周的30摄氏度中断了分层，导致了第二次休眠。但是，如果在5周后的6周后给予中断治疗，则只会部分诱发次级休眠。这种中断缩短了种子发芽所需的新的冷却时间，使其达到与连续5 {sp} {circ}相同的水平。在5℃低温下冷藏后产生的植物中，生理矮化响应（PDR）最低，低温或高温，昼夜温度周期和部分低温种子的发生率较高。温暖的温度中断也导致较高的PDR。测定的PDR为植物高度，节数和叶片异常的节数。 {dollar} -5spcirc {dollar}，0 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}，3 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}，5 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}，7 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}，15 { Dollarsspcirc {dollar}和25 {dollar} spcirc {dollar} C持续12周可导致ABA水平下降63％至86％，但并未在所有治疗中打破休眠。分层为5 {dollar} spcirc {dollar} / 10 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}，5 {dollar} spcirc {dollar} / 15 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}和5分层的种子中ABA含量的下降更快且更大。 {dollar} spcirc {dollar} / 25 {dollar} spcirc {dollar}交替改变每日温度。范围从87％到100％。在恒定和交替治疗中，ABA浓度的主要下降发生在最初的4周内。单独降低ABA浓度不足以终止种子休眠。分层过程中温暖的温度中断（部分诱发次级休眠）导致ABA浓度显着下降。

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