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首页> 外文学位 >EVENT STRATIGRAPHY OF CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY PELAGIC LIMESTONES FROM THE NORTHERN APENNINES, ITALY (CARBONATE SEDIMENTOLOGY).
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EVENT STRATIGRAPHY OF CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY PELAGIC LIMESTONES FROM THE NORTHERN APENNINES, ITALY (CARBONATE SEDIMENTOLOGY).

机译：意大利北部地区的白垩纪和第三纪白垩纪石灰岩的活动地层（碳酸盐沉积）。

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摘要

This dissertation is a collection of eight individual papers having in common the study of geological events recorded in deep-water limestones. The sequence of Upper Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary pelagic carbonates in the Umbria-Marches Apennines of Italy has been successfully used for this kind of study because it has recorded, with remarkable continuity, the geological history of an epeiric sea on the eastern continental margin of the ancient Ligurian Ocean. These unmetamorphosed rocks have suffered relatively little tectonic deformation during the complex geologic evolution of the Tethyan domain.; The first part of the dissertation comprises three papers which analyze geological events in the context of regional basin analysis, and describes in a time sequence, the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the paleobasin.; The second part of the dissertation deals with more specific geologic events which express the synsedimentary tectonic activity of the Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary pelagic basin of the Northern Apennines. The two papers included in this part analyze, in detail, soft-sediment slumps, submarine slides, bedding formation in homogeneous deep-water sediments, synsedimentary faulting, and submarine hydrothermal activity related to syndepositional tectonism.; The last three papers of the dissertation are related to events of global extent, specifically the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period and the biological crisis across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. The extensive exposure of continuous sections containing these important geological boundaries allowed me to carry out high resolution stratigraphic studies and provide strong evidence that the terminal Cretaceous mass extinction was caused by the impact of a large extraterrestrial bolide on the earth's surface. Radiometric dating of several volcanic ash layers near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary allowed me to date, with unprecedented precision, this chronostratigraphic boundary. The unexpectedly short duration of 1 m.y. for the Late Eocene, resulting from this work, provides a new constraint on the attempt to understand the possible cause and effect relationship of the so-called terminal-Eocene events, which include stepwise mass extinction of marine organisms, global climatic changes, and one or more extraterrestrial impacts.
机译：本论文是八篇论文的集合，这些论文共同研究了深水石灰岩中记录的地质事件。意大利翁布里亚-马奇-亚平宁山脉上白垩统-下第三纪上层碳酸盐岩层序已成功用于这种研究，因为它以惊人的连续性记录了东海岸大陆边缘上海的地质历史。古代利古里亚海。在特提斯地区复杂的地质演化过程中，这些未变质的岩石经历了相对较小的构造变形。论文的第一部分包括三篇论文，它们在区域盆地分析的背景下分析了地质事件，并按时间顺序描述了古生物的沉积和构造演化。论文的第二部分涉及更具体的地质事件，这些事件表达了北亚平宁山脉晚白垩世-早第三纪中上层盆地的沉积沉积活动。本部分包含的两篇论文详细分析了软沉积物塌陷，海底滑坡，均质深水沉积物中的层理形成，同沉积断裂和与同沉积构造有关的海底热液活动。论文的最后三篇论文涉及全球范围的事件，特别是白垩纪末期的物种大灭绝和始新世-渐新世边界的生物危机。包含这些重要地质边界的连续断面的大量暴露使我能够进行高分辨率地层学研究，并提供有力的证据表明白垩纪末期生物灭绝是由地球外大片硼化物撞击地球表面造成的。始新世-渐新世边界附近的几个火山灰层的放射定年使我能够以前所未有的精度确定了这个年代地层边界。出乎意料的短时间为1 m.y.由于这项工作导致了晚始新世，为试图理解所谓的始新世末期可能的因果关系提供了新的限制，这些事件包括逐步逐步灭绝海洋生物，全球气候变化以及或更多地外影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    MONTANARI, ALESSANDRO.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Geology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1986
  • 页码 300 p.
  • 总页数 300
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 地质学;
  • 关键词

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