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首页> 外文学位 >A BIOSYSTEMATIC STUDY OF A TRIPLOID APOMICT, OPUNTIA KELVINENSIS (SUBGENUS CYLINDROPUNTIA, CACTACEAE).
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A BIOSYSTEMATIC STUDY OF A TRIPLOID APOMICT, OPUNTIA KELVINENSIS (SUBGENUS CYLINDROPUNTIA, CACTACEAE).

机译：梯形线虫的开孔的等位基因研究，开氏乳杆菌（Cylindropuntia亚科，仙人掌）。

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摘要

Putative hybridization between Opuntia fulgida Engelm. and O. spinosior (Engelm.) Toumey (Cactaceae, subgenus Cylindropuntia, section on Chlindropuntia) was investigated using morphometrics, cytology, pollen stainability, chemistry and embryology. That O. spinosior is a sexually normal species was supported by its normal megasporogenesis, megagemetogenesis, and embryogenesis. This was the first normal megasporogenesis reported for the genus. That O. fulgida is a largely apomictic species of low fertility was supported by its lack of normal megasporogenesis. Clustering techniques supported recognition of the hybrid entity O. Xkelvinensis Grant & Grant pro sp. (= O. kelvinensis Grant & Grant) in the study population southeast of Florence, Arizona. Chromosome counts of 160 total individuals revealed all 48 individuals of O. spinosior, both in the hybrid and control populations, to be diploid, 2x = 22. Forty-six individuals of Opuntia fulgida were diploid, while 16 were triploid. The percentage of triploids was much higher in the hybrid population than in the control population. Twenty-six individuals of O. Xkelvinensis were tripolid and only three were diploid. Percent pollen stainability was high in O. spinosior, was extremely variable in diploid O. fulgida, and was low for diploid O. xkelvinensis. All triploids had very low pollen stainability overlapping in only six cases with diploids. This information could aid in the identification of triploids for future investigations. Both morphometrics and cytology support the previous hypotheses that there are two major morphotypes of the hybrid in the population studied. These types, which have been given the genomic formulae FFS and SSF, are probably not as well defined, however, as was originally proposed. The complexity is probably a result of introgression via backcrossing of diploid O. Xkelvinensis to O. spinosior and the contamination of genes from at least one other species, O. acanthocarpa. The analysis of the alkaloid content in individuals of the hybrid population provided no supporting evidence since even the putative parents could not be distinguished. It does suggest, however, that they may be more closely related than was previously thought.
机译：仙人掌fulgida Engelm之间的推定杂交。使用形态计量学，细胞学，花粉可染性，化学和胚胎学研究了O. spinosior（Engelm。）Toumey（仙人掌科，Cylindropuntia属，Chlindropuntia的章节）。 O. spinosior是一种性正常物种，其正常的大孢子发生，大几何发生和胚胎发生都得到了支持。这是该属首次报道的正常大孢子发生。由于其缺乏正常的大孢子发生，支持了fulgida菌是一种低繁殖力的无融合生殖物种。聚类技术支持对混合实体O. Xkelvinensis Grant＆Grant pro。 （= O. kelvinensis Grant＆Grant）在亚利桑那州佛罗伦萨东南部的研究人群中。总共160个个体的染色体计数显示，杂种和对照种群中棘孢菌的所有48个个体均为二倍体，即2x =22。fulfulida的46个个体为二倍体，而16个为三倍体。杂种群体中三倍体的百分比远高于对照群体。 O. Xkelvinensis有26个个体为三倍体，只有3个为二倍体。刺槐中的花粉可染性百分比高，在二倍体fulgida中的花粉可染性极高，而在二倍体O. xkelvinensis中则较低。所有三倍体的花粉可染性非常低，只有六倍体与二倍体重叠。这些信息可以帮助识别三倍体，以备将来研究之用。形态计量学和细胞学都支持先前的假设，即所研究群体中杂种有两种主要形态型。但是，赋予了基因组公式FFS和SSF的这些类型可能定义不如最初提出的那样好。复杂性可能是由于二倍体O. Xkelvinensis与O. spinosior回交以及其他至少一种物种（O. acanthocarpa）的基因污染导致的基因渗入的结果。对混合种群个体中生物碱含量的分析没有提供支持证据，因为即使是推定的父母也无法区分。但是，它确实暗示着它们可能比以前认为的更为紧密。

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  • 作者

    BAKER, MARC ANDRE.;

  • 作者单位

    Arizona State University.;

  • 授予单位 Arizona State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Botany.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1985
  • 页码 p.44
  • 总页数 169
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物学;
  • 关键词

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