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首页> 外文学位 >WILD OAT (AVENA FATUA L.) COMPETITION WITH SPRING WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) (INTERFERENCE, WEED, NITROGEN)
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WILD OAT (AVENA FATUA L.) COMPETITION WITH SPRING WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) (INTERFERENCE, WEED, NITROGEN)

机译：春小麦（小麦，小麦，杂草，氮）与野生燕麦（AVENA FATUA L.）的竞争

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摘要

Field experiments were conducted to measure the grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivm L. 'ANZA') at various wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and wheat plant densities. Wheat yield declined as wild oat plant density increased. Wheat yield increased in wild oat-infested plots as wheat plant density increased. Regression models were developed to describe the combined effect of wheat and wild oat plant densities on wheat grain yield. Wheat yields were best described by nonlinear regression models using the relative density of wild oat in the weed-crop stand as the dependent variable.;Wheat grain yield in wild oat-infested plots generally declined with nitrogen fertilization while the density of wild oat panicles increased. Apparently, in competition with wheat, wild oat was better able to utilize the added nitrogen and thus gained a competitive advantage over the wheat. Under the conditions of these experiments, nitrogen fertilization resulted in positive wheat yield response only when the wild oat plant density was below 1.6 percent of the total plant density.;A method was developed to calculate the relative competitive ability of wild oat in spring wheat from crop yield regression equations. The method was used to quantify shifts in relative competitive ability of wild oat with changes in plant density, plant species proportion and soil nitrogen availability.;The relative competitive ability of a weed ((alpha)) was defined as the effect of weed density on per plant crop yield compared to the effect of crop density on per plant crop yield. The relative competitive ability of wild oat ((alpha)) declined slightly as total plant density increased. As the proportion (frequency) of wild oat increased, the competitiveness of wild oat declined, apparently due to increased intraspecific competition between wild oats. Nitrogen fertilization increased the competitive ability of wild oat at all plant densities tested. At nitrogen fertilizer levels above 80 kg/ha, intraspecific competition between wild oat appeared less critical and the relative competitive ability of wild oat increased with increased wild oat density.
机译：进行了田间试验，以测量各种野生燕麦（Avena fatua L.）和小麦植物密度下小麦（Triticum aestivm L.'ANZA'）的谷物产量。小麦产量随野燕麦植物密度的增加而下降。随着小麦植株密度的增加，在野燕麦侵染的地块中小麦的产量增加。建立了回归模型来描述小麦和野燕麦植物密度对小麦籽粒产量的综合影响。小麦产量最好通过非线性回归模型来描述，以杂草作物林分中野燕麦的相对密度为因变量。；随着氮肥的施肥，野燕麦侵染地块的小麦籽粒产量普遍下降，而野燕麦穗粒的密度增加。显然，在与小麦的竞争中，野燕麦能够更好地利用添加的氮，因此比小麦更具竞争优势。在这些实验条件下，仅当野燕麦植物密度低于总植物密度的1.6％时，氮肥施肥才使小麦的产量产生正响应。作物单产回归方程。该方法用于量化野燕麦相对竞争能力随植物密度，植物物种比例和土壤氮素利用率的变化而变化。杂草的相对竞争能力（α）定义为杂草密度对作物密度对单株作物产量的影响。随着总植物密度的增加，野燕麦（α）的相对竞争能力略有下降。随着野燕麦的比例（频率）的增加，野燕麦的竞争力下降，这显然是由于野燕麦之间的种内竞争加剧。在所有测试的植物密度下，施氮都提高了野燕麦的竞争能力。在氮肥水平高于80 kg / ha时，野燕麦之间的种内竞争似乎不那么关键，并且野燕麦的相对竞争能力随野燕麦密度的增加而增加。

著录项

  • 作者

    CARLSON, HARRY LEE.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1985
  • 页码 112 p.
  • 总页数 112
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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