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Biosynthesis of salvinorin A, a potent hallucinogen from Salvia divinorum Epling & Jativa.

机译:Salvinorin A(一种来自Salvia divinorum Epling&Jativa的强力致幻剂)的生物合成。

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摘要

Abuse of unregulated substances by young adults has been a great concern of the US and international community. Salvia divinorum has captured the interest of researchers and the general public because of its profound psychopharmacological properties. The active component of the plant, salvinorin A (1), has a potent affinity to the kappa-opioid receptor in CNS. This dissertation describes the biosynthesis of 1 through stable isotope labeling and determination of the enzymes involved in the pathway. Our data shows that 1 is formed in the glandular trichomes via the deoxyxylulose phosphate (DOXP) pathway. Incorporation of 13C isotopes was achieved through in vitro sterile culture of microshoots of S. divinorum. The synthesis of salvinorin A and B acids served as biosynthesis precursors for the characterization of carboxy methyltransferase (CMT), the enzyme catalyzing the methylation of carboxylic groups. The cell free enzyme assay, with the Escherichia coli expressed recombinant CMT, suggested substrate specificity of the CMT selectively methylating divinatorins A and C, and hardwickiic acid, the early intermediates of the pathway. A search for further biosynthesis precursors of 1 led to the isolation of a new neoclerodane diterpenoid, salvinorins J (10) as the first example of a neoclerodane hemiacetal (lactol) susceptible to mutarotation. A leaf surface extraction method was used for the first time on S. divinorum affording a chlorophyll-free extract containing predominantly neoclerodane diterpenoids.
机译:年轻人滥用不受管制的物质一直是美国和国际社会的高度关注。丹参因其深厚的心理药理特性而吸引了研究人员和公众的兴趣。植物的活性成分Salvinorin A(1)对CNS中的κ阿片受体具有强大的亲和力。本论文通过稳定的同位素标记和途径中涉及的酶的测定来描述1的生物合成。我们的数据显示1是通过脱氧木糖磷酸(DOXP)途径在腺毛状体中形成的。 13 C同位素的掺入是通过对divinorum的微枝进行体外无菌培养而实现的。 Salvinorin A和B酸的合成是生物合成的前体,用于表征羧甲基转移酶(CMT),该酶催化羧基的甲基化。用大肠杆菌表达重组CMT的无细胞酶测定表明,该CMT的底物特异性选择性地甲基化了divinatorins A和C,以及Hardwickiic酸,该途径的早期中间体。对1的进一步生物合成前体的研究导致了新的新环戊烷二萜类化合物Salvinorins J(10)的分离,这是易发生突变的新环戊烷半缩醛(lactol)的第一个实例。叶表面提取方法首次在沙门氏菌(S. divinorum)上使用,得到不含叶绿素的提取物,该提取物主要含有新环戊烷二萜类化合物。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kutrzeba, Lukasz.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Mississippi.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Mississippi.;
  • 学科 Biology Neuroscience.;Health Sciences Pharmacology.;Chemistry Biochemistry.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 221 p.
  • 总页数 221
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 神经科学;生物化学;药理学;
  • 关键词

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