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首页> 外文学位 >COMMUNITY BUILDERS VS CURBSTONERS: THE AMERICAN REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY AND URBAN LAND-USE PLANNING (ECONOMICS, HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT).
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COMMUNITY BUILDERS VS CURBSTONERS: THE AMERICAN REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY AND URBAN LAND-USE PLANNING (ECONOMICS, HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT).

机译：社区建设者与社区建设者：美国房地产业和城市土地利用规划（经济，历史，发展）。

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摘要

This dissertation examines the institutional foundations of local government urban planning agencies prior to the 1930s. The major innovation in public planning during this period was the regulating of private land-use through zoning and subdivision laws. Such regulations were strongly promoted by important elements of the real estate industry. Reasons for their support included a desire to stimulate new investment and sales, stabilize existing values, restrict competition, and rationalize development costs.Other segments of the real estate business community vigorously opposed the idea and implementation of land-use regulation. These were primarily the "curbstoners", small operators in realty sales, construction, and property management. Their opposition was based on a desire to avoid public scrutiny and regulation, and a fear that they would be unable to influence the governmental planning process.Engendering the conflicting positions within real estate were secular changes in development practices as well as cyclical changes in business conditions. The key secular change was the growth of institutional organization within real estate brokerage, finance, insurance, and other sectors. The community builders were at the center of this institutional transformation, and as it accelerated, so did their visibility and importance. Cyclical downturns allowed them to increase their economic and political dominance. Cyclical upturns were more advantageous to curbstoners. These political-economic forces and conflicts combined to exert significant influence in shaping planning initiatives and outcomes.The most important group of supporters were the "community builders." These were large-scale residential subdividers, economically-integrated developers of land and houses. They worked closely with the landscape architects and engineers of the new planning profession to design a new model of suburban development and devise an expanded public role in facilitating this development process.
机译：本文考察了1930年代以前地方政府城市规划机构的制度基础。在此期间，公共规划的主要创新是通过分区和细分法律来规范私人土地使用。房地产行业的重要组成部分大力推动了此类规定。他们之所以获得支持，是因为他们希望刺激新的投资和销售，稳定现有价值，限制竞争并合理化开发成本。房地产商业界的其他部门也强烈反对土地使用监管的想法和实施。这些人主要是“路边小贩”，是从事房地产销售，建筑和物业管理的小型运营商。他们的反对是基于避免公众审查和监管的愿望，以及担心他们将无法影响政府的规划过程。使房地产中的矛盾立场产生的是发展实践的长期变化以及商业条件的周期性变化。 。关键的长期变化是房地产经纪，金融，保险和其他领域的机构组织的增长。社区建设者是这种体制改革的中心，随着它的加速发展，他们的知名度和重要性也在提高。周期性的低迷使他们增加了经济和政治上的主导地位。周期性的上升对路边石更有利。这些政治经济力量和冲突共同影响了规划计划和成果的制定。最重要的支持者是“社区建设者”。这些是大规模的住宅细分，是经济和土地开发的综合体。他们与新规划专业的景观设计师和工程师紧密合作，设计了郊区发展的新模式，并在促进这一发展过程中发挥了公共作用。

著录项

  • 作者

    WEISS, MARC ALLAN.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Urban and Regional Planning.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1985
  • 页码 348 p.
  • 总页数 348
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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