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GROWTH AND YIELD RELATIONSHIPS IN THE GARDEN PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.).

机译：花园豌豆（小豌豆）的生长和产量关系。

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摘要

Recently developed methods of growth and yield analysis were applied to the results of a field experiment to determine (i) the effect of seed inoculation on the growth and yield of two cultivars of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)--'Dark Skin Perfection' (DSP) and 'Early Frosty' (EF), (ii) the physiological basis for yield variability and (iii) the dynamics of reproductive growth in the pea.;Stem length, average leaf area and inverse leaf weight ratio were the main components of biomass variability. Yield variation, however, was affected indirectly by stem length, average leaf area, reproductive effort and average seed weight, and directly by the number of nodes, pod set and inverse leaf weight ratio. These results imply that the supply of photosynthetic material is important for increased pea yields. Significant negative correlations between vegetative components and average seed weight suggest compensation and competition between these components. Thus, yield improvement may be attainable by (1) enhancing the component which is unaffected by this compensation or (2) reducing the competition by shifting the equilibrium.;Two crucial periods when source supply may affect yield were detected during the reproductive phase. The first period (61 days after planting in DSP and 55 days after planting in EF) was more pronounced in DSP. In the second phase (day 75 for DSP and 65 for EF) seed growth became important and seemed to influence leaf activity. This finding suggests that the rate of canopy establishment is as important as the rate of pod filling for improving yields.;A dynamic model simulating pod yield in relation to source supply is outlined.;Seed inoculation had no noticeable effect on yield. There were, however, significant cultivar differences--DSP was larger, matured later but had lower yields than EF. Growth analysis revealed that these differences were due to the extended vegetative growth phase, higher leaf area ratio and lower harvest index of DSP. Further analysis indicated that EF had a more efficient growth strategy, as the maximum rate of partitioning of dry matter into the reproductive structures coincided with high leaf activity. By contrast maximum sink activity in DSP occurred during leaf senescence.
机译：将最新开发的生长和产量分析方法应用于田间试验的结果，以确定（i）接种种子对两种豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）的生长和产量的影响-'Dark Skin Perfection （DSP）和'Early Frosty'（EF），（ii）豌豆产量变异的生理基础，（iii）豌豆生殖生长的动力学。;茎长，平均叶面积和逆叶重量比是主要因素生物量变异性的组成部分。然而，产量变化间接受到茎长，平均叶面积，繁殖力和平均种子重量的影响，并直接受结节数，荚果集和逆叶重量比的影响。这些结果表明，光合材料的供应对于增加豌豆的产量很重要。营养成分与平均种子重量之间的显着负相关表明这些成分之间的补偿和竞争。因此，可以通过（1）增强不受补偿影响的成分或（2）通过移动平衡来减少竞争来提高产量。;在生殖阶段检测到了源供应可能影响产量的两个关键时期。第一个时期（DSP种植后61天和EF种植后55天）在DSP中更为明显。在第二阶段（DSP为75天，EF为65天），种子生长变得很重要，似乎影响了叶片的活动。这一发现表明，冠层建立的速率与荚果灌浆的速率对于提高单产的重要性同样重要。概述了模拟荚果单产与源供应的动态模型。种子接种对单产没有明显影响。但是，品种之间存在显着差异-DSP较大，成熟较晚，但单产却比EF低。生长分析表明，这些差异是由于植物生长期延长，叶面积比增加和DSP的收获指数降低所致。进一步的分析表明，EF具有更有效的生长策略，因为干物质分配到生殖结构的最大速率与高叶片活性相吻合。相反，DSP的最大吸收活性发生在叶片衰老期间。

著录项

  • 作者

    FLETCHER, LYSTRA MONA.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of British Columbia (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 The University of British Columbia (Canada).;
  • 学科 Plant sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1985
  • 页码 1 p.
  • 总页数 1
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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