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首页> 外文学位 >QUALITY INDICATORS FOR ROUGH RICE DURING AERATED STORAGE (ERGOSTEROL, DRY MATTER LOSS).
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QUALITY INDICATORS FOR ROUGH RICE DURING AERATED STORAGE (ERGOSTEROL, DRY MATTER LOSS).

机译：充气过程中糙米的质量指标（麦角固醇，干物质损失）。

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摘要

A method for quantitating ergosterol in wheat, maize and rice was developed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. The concentration of ergosterol has been proposed by others as a measure of fungal invasion in grain; ergosterol is a metabolite of fungi but not of plants. TLC was used to purify the sterol fraction of the non-saponifiable lipids extracted from grain, while UV spectroscopy was used to quantitate the concentration of ergosterol. Recovery of ergosterol from spiked samples was 84-98% for rough rice and 91-102% for corn. Delaying the extraction of the sterol band from the TLC plate for 2 h gave reduced recovery. The TLC-UV method has a repeatability of (+OR-)0.49 ug/g with obtained ergosterol values in closed agreement with quantitation by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).;A mathematical equation was derived to relate dry matter loss (DML) from rough rice with moisture, temperature, storage time and mechanical damage.;In rough rice stored at a moisture between 15.6-20%, the increase in the number of the damaged kernels correlated well (r = 0.96) with the increase in ergosterol level. Using the current limits on damaged kernels in U.S. grading standard, an increase in ergosterol content of >1 ug/g from its initial value would indicate that rice dropped below U.S. No. 2 grade.;DML correlated poorly with the damaged kernels (r = 0.62-0.63), except in hand-threshed Arkansas 007 rice. At high moisture, the percent damaged kernels increased disproportionately more than DML. Thus, DML cannot distinguish U.S. grades of rice as determined by damaged kernels. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.).;Storage studies were done on small samples of rough rice to develop a mathematical model for predicting safe holding or drying time for high moisture rough rice. Long-grain (Newrex and Arkansas 007) and medium-grain (Nato) rough rice were stored in aerated jars at moisture levels between 15.7 and 20% and temperatures at 35(DEGREES), 29.4(DEGREES), 23.9(DEGREES) and 18.3(DEGREES)C. Mechanical damage levels were 5.3 and 1.6% for the mechanically- and hand-threshed Arkansas 007 rice respectively. Carbon dioxide-free air, which was humidified to maintain moisture levels was passed slowly through the stored rice. Carbon dioxide generated by the respiring grain and mold was monitored with time, along with ergosterol and percent damaged kernels.
机译：开发了一种使用薄层色谱（TLC）和紫外（UV）光谱定量小麦，玉米和大米中麦角甾醇的方法。其他人已经提出麦角固醇的浓度可以作为谷物中真菌入侵的一种量度。麦角固醇是真菌的代谢产物，而不是植物的代谢产物。 TLC用于纯化从谷物中提取的不可皂化脂质的甾醇部分，而UV光谱用于定量麦角固醇的浓度。从加标样品中回收的麦角固醇对于糙米而言为84-98％，对于玉米而言为91-102％。将TLC板中固醇带的提取延迟2小时可降低回收率。 TLC-UV方法具有（+ OR-）0.49 ug / g的重复性，所获得的麦角固醇值与高效液相色谱（HPLC）定量密切相关;得出了与干物质损失（DML）有关的数学方程式水分，温度，储存时间和机械损伤对糙米的影响；在水分在15.6-20％之间的糙米中，受损谷粒数量的增加与麦角固醇水平的提高密切相关（r = 0.96）。 。使用美国分级标准中受损玉米粒的当前限制，麦角固醇含量比其初始值增加> 1 ug / g，表明大米降至美国2级以下。DML与受损玉米粒的相关性很差（r = 0.62-0.63），但用手工脱粒的阿肯色州007稻除外。在高湿度下，损坏的谷粒百分比比DML增加的比例更大。因此，DML无法区分由损坏的籽粒确定的美国大米等级。 （摘要在作者允许下缩短。）；对少量糙米进行了存储研究，以建立数学模型来预测高水分糙米的安全保存或干燥时间。将长粒（Newrex和阿肯色州007）和中粒（北约）糙米分别存放在充气罐中，水分含量在15.7至20％之间，温度分别为35（摄氏），29.4（摄氏），23.9（摄氏）和18.3。 （学位）C.机械和手动打谷的阿肯色州007水稻的机械损伤水平分别为5.3％和1.6％。经过加湿以保持水分含量的无二氧化碳空气缓慢地流经存储的大米。随时间监测呼吸谷物和霉菌产生的二氧化碳，以及麦角固醇和受损​​果仁的百分比。

著录项

  • 作者

    NAEWBANIJ, MAITRI.;

  • 作者单位

    Kansas State University.;

  • 授予单位 Kansas State University.;
  • 学科 Food science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1985
  • 页码 160 p.
  • 总页数 160
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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