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首页> 外文学位 >MODELING OF ABSORPTION HEAT PUMPS: SOLAR APPLICATIONS EMPLOYING CHEMICAL STORAGE AND STEADY-STATE MODELING WITH A COMPARISON TO EXPERIMENTS.
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MODELING OF ABSORPTION HEAT PUMPS: SOLAR APPLICATIONS EMPLOYING CHEMICAL STORAGE AND STEADY-STATE MODELING WITH A COMPARISON TO EXPERIMENTS.

机译：吸收式热泵的建模：太阳能应用中的化学存储和稳态建模与实验的比较。

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This work develops simulation models for absorption heat pumps (AHPs) with the goal of enabling a more analytical approach to their study and design. A continuous, liquid absorbent AHP with chemical storage is modeled using mass and energy balances and assuming mass transfer equilibrium. This model is used with the TRNSYS program to simulate the performance of an AHP in a residential solar-driven heating and cooling system. For the three U.S. climates investigated, an AHP using the NaSCN-NH(,3) chemical system provides significant non-purchased energy to the load. Compared to a conventional solar system, the heating performance of the AHP system is better at low collector areas but the cooling performance is slightly lower. The performance is generally improved by increasing the storage mass or thermal capacitance of the system. The two alternate control strategies studied were of little advantage.; The steady-state and cyclic testing of a prototype gas-fired ammonia-water AHP in an environmental chamber is described; measurements include temperatures, pressures, absorbent concentrations, flow rates and heat flows. The coefficient of performance and heating capacity depend most strongly on ambient temperature; varying the load water temperature and flow rate has lesser effects. The performance of the unit is sensitive to refrigerant charge, with the optimum charge varying with ambient temperature. This AHP shows a significant performance degradation in cyclic operation.; A modular, steady-state simulation program for absorption heat pumps is developed and validated with experimental data. The model utilizes an analysis of the refrigerant and absorbent inventory to set the system pressures. Property relations are supplied as separate subroutines. The rectifier, condenser, evaporator, and refrigerant heat exchanger are modeled with a general N-stream heat exchanger component employing a finite difference formulation. The analyzer is treated as a series of equilibrium stages. An analysis of simultaneous heat and mass transfer is applied to each row of the falling-film absorber. The agreement between experiments and simulations is generally good, although several needed refinements to the model are identified. A factorial design is carried out to investigate the performance sensitivity to design parameters.
机译：这项工作为吸收式热泵（AHP）开发了仿真模型，其目的是为他们的研究和设计提供更多的分析方法。使用质量和能量平衡并假设传质平衡，对具有化学存储的连续液体吸收性AHP进行建模。该模型与TRNSYS程序一起使用，以模拟住宅用太阳能驱动的加热和冷却系统中AHP的性能。对于所调查的三个美国气候，使用NaSCN-NH（，3）化学系统的AHP可为负载提供大量的非购买能源。与传统的太阳能系统相比，AHP系统的热性能在低集热面积下更好，但冷却性能略低。通常，通过增加系统的存储质量或热容量来改善性能。研究的两种替代控制策略几乎没有优势。描述了在环境室内对原型燃气氨水AHP的稳态和循环测试；测量包括温度，压力，吸收剂浓度，流速和热流。性能系数和加热能力在很大程度上取决于环境温度。改变负载水的温度和流速的影响较小。该装置的性能对制冷剂充注敏感，最佳充注量随环境温度而变化。该AHP在循环操作中显示出明显的性能下降。开发了用于吸收式热泵的模块化，稳态仿真程序，并通过实验数据进行了验证。该模型利用对制冷剂和吸收剂存量的分析来设置系统压力。属性关系作为单独的子例程提供。精馏塔，冷凝器，蒸发器和制冷剂换热器采用采用有限差分公式的一般N流换热器组件建模。分析仪被视为一系列平衡阶段。对降膜吸收器的每一行都进行了同时传热和传质的分析。尽管确定了模型的一些必要改进，但实验和仿真之间的一致性通常很好。进行析因设计以研究性能对设计参数的敏感性。

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