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首页> 外文学位 >An evaluation of the Virginia 2002 child passenger safety law: Determining if the law reduced motor vehicle crash injuries and fatalities .
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An evaluation of the Virginia 2002 child passenger safety law: Determining if the law reduced motor vehicle crash injuries and fatalities .

机译：对2002年弗吉尼亚州儿童乘客安全法的评估：确定法律是否减少了机动车撞车伤亡事故。

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摘要

In 2002, Virginia increased the age that children needed to be restrained in a child safety seat from age three to age five. Employing a pre and post intervention analysis, this study evaluated the 2002 Virginia child safety restraint law and determined if the number and severity of motor vehicle crash injuries to children ages four and five changed significantly post-law. Two groups of children, children under age four and children ages six and seven, were utilized as control groups.;Motor vehicle crash injury and death data from the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles police crash report file, Virginia Health Information hospital discharge database, and the Virginia Department of Health death database from January 1, 1995 through June 30, 2007 were analyzed. Only select motor vehicle crash e-codes were included in the analyses.;An independent samples t-test was conducted and rate per 100,000 was calculated for each age group to determine if there was an effect on the numbers of injuries, fatalities, and injury severity post-law. A significant decrease of injuries and mild and moderate injury severity in the target group and both control groups post-law was found. The target group had the greatest reduction post-law.;The 2002 law, along with the interaction of concurrent events and initiatives and possibly spillover effect, may explain why all groups, saw significant reductions post-law. The possibility that education, federal initiatives, enforcement, engineering, public policy changes, and/or enhancements in the medical system may have played a role in the findings is explored.;Future research on motor vehicle crash injuries is recommended if statewide emergency room, urgent care center, or physician office data are ever collected. Also, Virginia amended their child passenger safety law in 2007. The 2007 law required children through the age of seven to be properly secured in a child safety restraint. An analysis of the 2007 law would determine if the two year increase in age had an effect on injuries and fatalities of children when involved in a motor vehicle crash.
机译：2002年，弗吉尼亚州将需要约束儿童的儿童安全座椅的年龄从3岁提高到5岁。该研究采用干预前后的方法，对2002年弗吉尼亚州儿童安全约束法律进行了评估，并确定了4岁和5岁儿童因汽车碰撞受伤的数量和严重程度在法律后是否发生了重大变化。两组儿童分别为四岁以下儿童和六，七岁儿童作为对照组。来自弗吉尼亚州机动车辆警察碰撞报告文件，弗吉尼亚州健康信息医院出院数据库的机动车碰撞伤害和死亡数据，以及分析了弗吉尼亚卫生部1995年1月1日至2007年6月30日的死亡数据库。分析中仅包括选定的汽车碰撞电子代码。进行了独立的样本t检验，并针对每个年龄组计算了每100,000人的比率，以确定是否对伤害，死亡人数和伤害数量产生影响严重程度的法律规定。目标组和法治后的两个对照组均显着减少了伤害，并减轻了轻度和中度伤害。目标人群的减免幅度最大。2002年法律，以及同时发生的事件和倡议的相互作用以及可能产生的溢出效应，可以解释为什么所有群体的减免幅度都明显。探索了教育，联邦倡议，执法，工程，公共政策的改变和/或医疗系统的增强可能对发现产生影响的可能性。；如果在全州范围的急诊室中，建议对机动车碰撞伤害进行未来的研究，紧急医疗中心或医生办公室的数据曾经被收集过。此外，弗吉尼亚州于2007年修订了其儿童乘客安全法。2007年的法律要求将7岁以下的儿童妥善保护在儿童安全装置中。通过对2007年法律的分析，可以确定两年的年龄增长是否会影响儿童在发生车祸时的伤害和死亡。

著录项

  • 作者

    Connell, Petra Maria Menzel.;

  • 作者单位

    Virginia Commonwealth University.;

  • 授予单位 Virginia Commonwealth University.;
  • 学科 Political Science General.;Political Science Public Administration.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 159 p.
  • 总页数 159
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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