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LIMIT THEOREMS FOR INFINITE URN MODELS IN PROBABILITY THEORY (PARTICLES, CENTRAL LIMIT, CELLS).

机译:概率理论中无穷大模型的极限定理(粒子,中心极限,单元)。

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摘要

An urn model is defined as follows: n balls are thrown at an infinite array of urns, where each ball has probability p(,k) > 0 of independently hitting the k('th) urn, and.;We assume that p(,k) (GREATERTHEQ) p(,k+1) for all k.;Let N(t) be a Poisson process with mean t. A random variable z(,n) is defined to be the number of occupied urns after n balls (fixed sample size) have been thrown. Correspondingly, a random variable Z(,N(t)) is defined to be the number of occupied urns after N(t) balls have been thrown (randomized Poisson sample size). Let (mu)(,n) and (mu)(t) denote the means of Z(,n) and of Z(,N(t)), respectively, and let (sigma)(,n) and (sigma)(t) denote the standard deviations of Z(,n) and Z(,N(t)), respectively. Sometimes we will use the discrete parameter n instead of t in the Poisson process. We let (alpha)(x) = max k(VBAR)p(,k) (GREATERTHEQ) 1/x .;The following results are established: (1) For all sequences p(,k) such that.;(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI).;(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI).;Z(,n) - (mu)(,n) /(sigma)(n) converges in distribution to N(0,1) (standard normal) as n (--->) (INFIN). (2) The limiting behavior of Z(,N(t)) - (mu)(t) is described for t (--->) (INFIN) by studying its characteristic function. The discussion is in two parts. First, it is shown that p(,k) must satisfy the necessary condition (A) (alpha)(x) (TURN) a log x, x (--->) (INFIN), a > 0, if Z(,N(t)) - (mu)(t) is to converge in distribution. Second, the case p(,k) = 1/2('k) is examined (which satisfies (A)), and it is proved that the characteristic function of Z(,N(t)) - (mu)(t) does not have a pointwise limit as t (--->) (INFIN). Condition (A) eliminates the need to consider p(,k) outside this class. (3) For the case p(,k) = 1/2('k), the class of limiting distributions of Z(,N(t)) - (mu)(t) is identified along all convergent subsequences. This class consists of a one-parameter family of characteristic functions, each characteristic function being a two-tailed infinite product.;(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI).;(4) The limiting behavior of the quantity.;(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI).;is described as t (--->) (INFIN), for the case p(,k) = (1-(theta))(theta)('k-1), 0 < (theta) < 1. It is proved that the limit of this integral exists if and only if (theta) = 2('-1/q), q a positive integer.;The result in (1) extends a previous result of Karlin to a wider class of sequences p(,k) . The results in (2), (3), and (4) settle the question of the limiting behavior of Z(,N(t)) - (mu)(t) raised by Karlin.
机译:一个模型的定义如下:将n个球扔到无数个上,其中每个球独立击中第k个'的概率p(,k)> 0,并且。 ,k)(GREATERTHEQ)p(,k + 1)表示所有k .;令N(t)是均值t的泊松过程。随机变量z(,n)定义为投掷n个球(固定样本大小)后占用的骨灰盒数。相应地,将随机变量Z(,N(t))定义为投掷N(t)个球之后的占用骨灰盒的数量(随机泊松样本大小)。令(μ)(,n)和(μ)(t)分别表示Z(,n)和Z(,N(t))的均值,令σ(,n)和(σ) (t)分别表示Z(,n)和Z(,N(t))的标准偏差。有时我们会在泊松过程中使用离散参数n代替t。我们令α(x)= max k(VBAR)p(,k)(GREATERTHEQ)1 / x。;建立了以下结果:(1)对于所有序列p(,k)使得;(DIAGRAM ,表格或图形省略...请参见DAI)。(图,表格或图形省略...请参见DAI).; Z(,n)-(mu)(,n)/(sigma)(n)将分布收敛为n(--->)(INFIN)到N(0,1)(标准正态)。 (2)通过研究Z(,N(t))-(μ)(t)的特征函数来描述Z(,N(t))-(μ)(t)的极限行为。讨论分为两个部分。首先,证明p(,k)必须满足必要条件(A)(alpha)(x)(TURN)a log x,x(->)(INFIN),如果Z( ,N(t))-(mu)(t)收敛于分布。其次,检验p(,k)= 1/2('k)的情况(满足(A)),并证明Z(,N(t))-(mu)(t )没有t(--->)(INFIN)的逐点限制。条件(A)消除了在此类之外考虑p(,k)的需要。 (3)对于p(,k)= 1/2('k)的情况,沿着所有收敛子序列确定Z(,N(t))-(mu)(t)的极限分布的类别。此类由特性函数的一参数系列组成,每个特性函数是一个两尾无穷乘积。(图表,表格或图形省略...请参见DAI);(4)数量的极限行为。;(对于图表,表格或图形已省略...请参见DAI).;对于p(,k)=(1-θ)(theta),它被描述为t(->)(INFIN) )('k-1),0 <(theta)<1。证明了只有当θ= 2('-1 / q),qa为正整数时,该积分的极限才存在。在(1)中,将Karlin的先前结果扩展到更广泛的序列p(,k)。 (2),(3)和(4)中的结果解决了Karlin提出的Z(,N(t))-(mu)(t)的极限行为问题。

著录项

  • 作者

    DUTKO, MICHAEL.;

  • 作者单位

    The Pennsylvania State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Pennsylvania State University.;
  • 学科 Mathematics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1984
  • 页码 66 p.
  • 总页数 66
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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