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首页> 外文学位 >RENAISSANCE HUMANISM AND THE DECLINE OF THE MEDIEVAL CONTEMPLATIVE IDEAL: AN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF THE 'VITA CONTEMPLATIVA/VITA ACTIVA' DEBATE
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RENAISSANCE HUMANISM AND THE DECLINE OF THE MEDIEVAL CONTEMPLATIVE IDEAL: AN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF THE 'VITA CONTEMPLATIVA/VITA ACTIVA' DEBATE

机译：复兴人类主义和中世纪当代思想的衰落：“当代维他命/维他命”辩论的知识产权史

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摘要

This dissertation traces the intellectual roots of the contemplative/monastic ethic, and the factors which contributed to its decline.;The monastic ethic was a unique blend of Hellenistic philosophical assumptions and early eschatological Christianity. The ideal of renunciation came to dominate medieval Christian ethics so completely, that all Christians, even the laity; measured themselves by the monastic plumb line. Before an ideal of virtuous secularism could be devised, the philosophical substructure on which the vita comtemplativa was based had to be challenged. The philosophers, Thomas Aquinas and William of Ockham, did this by challenging the Platonic epistemological assumptions that lay at the heart of medieval ethics. The nominalists argued that the human mind is severely limited in its ability to penetrate the mysterious nature of God. They placed their emphasis on the will, not the intellect. When the will rather than the intellect became the focus of attention, the debate over the relative merits of action and comtemplation was revived.;It was the Italian Renaissance humanists who played the key role in the vita contemplativa/vita activa debate. Although they were not philosophically inclined, the ideas of the late medieval philosophers were known to them. Their emphasis on the will and the futility of metaphysical speculation is evidence of this. By reviving the viva activa ideal of the classical age and emulating the virtues of the ancients they admired, the humanists were able to formulate a new ideal of Christian conduct. An examination of the thought and writings of four Italian humanists--Franceso Petrarca, Coluccio Salutati, Leon Battista Alberti and Lorenzo Valla--show how these men came to abandon the medieval ideal of renunciation and contemplation for the ideal of the uomo universale, the classically-educated Christian man of virtuous action.
机译：本论文追溯了沉思/修道伦理学的思想渊源以及造成其衰落的因素。修道伦理是希腊文化哲学假设与早期末世主义基督教的独特融合。放弃的理想已经完全统治了中世纪的基督教伦理，以至于所有的基督徒，甚至是宽恕的基督徒。用修道院的铅垂线测量自己。在提出一种理想的世俗主义理想之前，必须对建立后世的哲学下层结构提出挑战。哲学家托马斯·阿奎那（Thomas Aquinas）和奥卡姆（Ockham）的威廉（William）通过挑战作为中世纪伦理学核心的柏拉图认识论假设来做到这一点。唯名论者认为，人的思想渗透上帝神秘本质的能力受到严重限制。他们把重点放在意志上，而不是智力上。当意志而不是理智成为人们关注的焦点时，关于行动和默想的相对优劣的辩论重新开始。正是意大利文艺复兴时期的人文主义者在维他命当代/维他命活动的辩论中发挥了关键作用。尽管他们并不具有哲学倾向，但中世纪的哲学家的思想却为他们所熟知。他们对形而上学投机的意愿和徒劳无功的强调证明了这一点。通过恢复古典时代的活力主义理想并模仿他们所崇拜的远古人的美德，人文主义者得以提出新的基督教行为理想。对四位意大利人文主义者（Franceso Petrarca，Colluccio Salutati，Leon Battista Alberti和Lorenzo Valla）的思想和著作的考察表明，这些人是如何放弃中世纪的放弃和沉思的理想的，而成为普遍的uomo理想。受过良好教育的基督徒道德行为者。

著录项

  • 作者

    ENGRAM, ANN TOMS.;

  • 作者单位

    The Florida State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Florida State University.;
  • 学科 Medieval history.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1984
  • 页码 348 p.
  • 总页数 348
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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