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Fault diagnosis of hybrid systems with applications to gas turbine engines.

机译：混合系统的故障诊断及其在燃气轮机上的应用。

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摘要

Stringent reliability and maintainability requirements for modern complex systems demand the development of systematic methods for fault detection and isolation. Many of such complex systems can be modeled as hybrid automata. In this thesis, a novel framework for fault diagnosis of hybrid automata is presented. Generally, in a hybrid system, two types of sensors may be available, namely: continuous sensors supplying continuous-time readings (i.e., real numbers) and threshold sensitive (discrete) sensors supplying discrete outputs (e.g., level high and pressure low).;The problem of diagnosability of failure modes in hybrid automata is also studied here. A notion of failure diagnosability in hybrid automata is introduced and it is shown that for the diagnosability of a failure mode in a hybrid automaton, it is sufficient that the failure mode be diagnosable in the extended DES model developed for representing the hybrid automaton and residual generators. The diagnosability of failure modes in the case that some residual generators produce unreliable outputs in the form of false alarm or false silence signals is also investigated. Moreover, the problem of isolator (residual generator) selection is examined and approaches are developed for computing a minimal set of isolators to ensure the diagnosability of failure modes.;The proposed hybrid diagnosis approach is employed for investigating faults in the fuel supply system and the nozzle actuator of a single-spool turbojet engine with an afterburner. A hybrid automaton model is obtained for the engine. A bank of residual generators is also designed, and an extended DES is constructed for the engine. Based on the extended DES model, a hybrid diagnoser is constructed and developed. The faults diagnosable by a purely DES diagnoser or by methods based on residual generators alone are also diagnosable by the hybrid diagnoser. Moreover, we have shown that there are faults (or groups of faults) in the fuel supply system and the nozzle actuator that can be isolated neither by a purely DES diagnoser nor by methods based on residual generators alone. However, these faults (or groups of faults) can be isolated if the hybrid diagnoser is used.;It is assumed that a bank of residual generators (detection filters) designed based on the continuous model of the plant is available. In the proposed framework, each residual generator is modeled by a Discrete-Event System (DES). Then, these DES models are integrated with the DES model of the hybrid system to build an Extended DES model. A "hybrid" diagnoser is then constructed based on the extended DES model. The "hybrid" diagnoser effectively combines the readings of discrete sensors and the information supplied by residual generators (which is based on continuous sensors) to determine the health status of the hybrid system.
机译：对现代复杂系统的严格可靠性和可维护性要求要求开发用于故障检测和隔离的系统方法。许多这样的复杂系统可以建模为混合自动机。本文提出了一种新的混合自动机故障诊断框架。通常，在混合系统中，可以使用两种类型的传感器，即：提供连续时间读数（即，实数）的连续传感器和提供离散输出（例如，液位高和压力低）的阈值敏感（离散）传感器。 ；还研究了混合自动机故障模式的可诊断性问题。引入了混合自动机故障诊断的概念，结果表明，对于混合自动机中故障模式的可诊断性，在为表示混合自动机和残差生成器而开发的扩展DES模型中，足以对故障模式进行诊断是足够的。还研究了故障模式在某些残余发电机以错误警报或错误静音信号形式产生不可靠输出的情况下的可诊断性。此外，研究了隔离器（剩余发电机）选择的问题，并开发了用于计算最小隔离器集合的方法，以确保故障模式的可诊断性。;提出的混合诊断方法用于调查燃油供应系统和油箱中的故障。带加力口的单涡旋涡轮喷气发动机的喷嘴致动器。获得了发动机的混合自动机模型。还设计了一组残余发电机，并为发动机构造了扩展的DES。基于扩展的DES模型，构建并开发了混合诊断程序。混合诊断程序也可以诊断由纯DES诊断程序或仅基于残差生成器的方法诊断的故障。此外，我们已经表明，燃油供应系统和喷嘴执行器中存在故障（或故障组），这些故障（或故障组）既不能通过纯粹的DES诊断程序也不能通过仅基于残差发生器的方法来隔离。但是，如果使用混合诊断程序，则可以隔离这些故障（或一组故障）。假定有一组基于工厂连续模型设计的残差发电机（检测滤波器）可用。在提出的框架中，每个残差生成器都由离散事件系统（DES）建模。然后，将这些DES模型与混合系统的DES模型集成在一起，以构建扩展的DES模型。然后基于扩展的DES模型构建“混合”诊断程序。 “混合”诊断程序有效地将离散传感器的读数与残差发生器（基于连续传感器）提供的信息进行组合，以确定混合动力系统的运行状况。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mohammadi, Rasul.;

  • 作者单位

    Concordia University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Concordia University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Computer.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 221 p.
  • 总页数 221
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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