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THE IMAGE OF ITALY AND THE ITALIAN IN ENGLISH TRAVEL BOOKS: 1800-1901

机译：意大利和意大利人在英语旅行手册中的图像：1800-1901年

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摘要

From the days of Chaucer to the end of the nineteenth century English interest in Italy and things Italian proved to be an enduring force of considerable importance. Though it waned in the latter part of the seventeenth century, this interest survived to return with renewed fervor during the Romantic age and lingered on long afterwards. The fascination that Italy exercised on the English psyche during these five hundred years is of a complex and ambiguous nature, and it can rightly be termed one based on love/hate attitudes.;On the one hand, Italy was a strong magnet for the enlightened English traveller, for it offered incomparable scenery, extraordinary antiquities and the cultural refinements of a civilization that was already old when England's was still barbaric. On the other hand, the cultivation of pleasure that the Italians practiced and the sensual life-force that seemed to emanate from the very soil of Italy overwhelmed the puritanical northern intellect, and the English traveller either took refuge in indignant self-righteousness or reduced Italy to a series of pathos-filled perspectives. Not until the late decades of the nineteenth century did English visitors to Italy allow themselves to flow with the current of her life-force and draw from it spiritually revitalizing qualities.;Regardless of their response to the Italian experience, the travel-authors undoubtedly played a major role in sustaining English interest in Italy, for their travel books kept the image of Italy and the Italians alive in the mind of the English reading public.;Though the attitudes of the travel-authors towards things Italian varied sharply from Addison to Gissing, there is a psychological impetus common to all of them--an extraordinary attraction towards Italy and a desire to establish a fruitful, creative relationship with the finer qualities of life that Italy had to offer. This desire, however, remained largely unfulfilled. At best the English traveller could take back to England what John Symonds called "glittering fragments" of the "mythopoetic" world of the Mediterranean, and the realization that it was a world no longer accessible to the over-civilized English psyche.
机译：从乔uc时代到19世纪末，英国人对意大利和意大利的兴趣一直是相当重要的持久力量。尽管它在17世纪后期逐渐减弱，但这种兴趣得以幸存，并在浪漫主义时代以新的热情重新出现，并在此后长期存在。意大利在这五百年来对英国人心态的迷恋具有复杂而am昧的性质，可以正确地称为基于爱/恨态度的迷恋。一方面，意大利是开悟者的强大磁铁英国旅行者，因为它提供了无与伦比的风景，非凡的文物和文明的文化底蕴，而这个文明在英格兰仍然野蛮的时候就已经很古老了。另一方面，意大利人实践的愉悦感和似乎来自意大利土壤的感性生活淹没了清教徒的北方知识分子，而英国旅行者要么躲避了愤慨的自以为是，要么沦落了义大利。一系列充满悲痛的观点。直到十九世纪下半叶，英国的意大利游客才得以顺其自然地发展自己的生活，并从中汲取精神上振奋人心的品质。无论他们对意大利的经历有何反应，旅行作者无疑都在玩在维持英语对意大利的兴趣方面发挥了重要作用，因为他们的旅行书使英语阅读者心目中的意大利和意大利人的形象保持鲜活。所有人都有共同的心理动力-对意大利的非凡魅力以及渴望与意大利所提供的更高质量的生活建立富有成果的，创造性的关系的愿望。但是，这种愿望在很大程度上仍未实现。充其量来说，英国旅行者可以带回约翰·西蒙兹（John Symonds）所说的地中海“神话般的”世界的“闪闪发光的碎片”，并意识到这是一个不再文明的英国人无法进入的世界。

著录项

  • 作者

    MARTINI, PAOLA MARIA.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Washington.;

  • 授予单位 University of Washington.;
  • 学科 Comparative literature.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1983
  • 页码 142 p.
  • 总页数 142
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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