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THE BIOLOGY AND CONTROL OF PLASMODIOPHORA BRASSICAE.

机译：番茄疟原虫的生物学与防治。

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摘要

Part I. This study analyzes the pathotypes or races of Plasmodiophora brassicae occurring in crucifer production areas along the west coast of the USA. Using the European Clubroot Differential set (ECD), all collections were found to show similar virulence characteristics. ECD code designations of the collections were either 16/02/31 or 16/03/31, both corresponding to race 7. The need of collecting spores from one ECD host showing limited infection and reinoculating these spores onto the same and other ECD hosts was important to verify the presence of virulence genes at low frequencies.;Part 2. Lime has historically been recommended and used for clubroot control, but it has not always been effective. This work was undertaken to evaluate variables that can influence the effectiveness of lime, such as, the degree of mixing lime with soil, the fineness of limestone (CaCO(,3)), and the residual basicity or acidity of nitrogen sources in the rhizosphere. Variations of pH within limed soil decreased with thorough mixing and consistently gave the best control both in greenhouse and field trials. Similarly, control was directly related with the fineness of the limestone (CaCO(,3)) and with use of Ca(NO(,3))(,2), a fertilizer reported to induce a residual basic reaction in the rhizosphere.;Part 3. In terms of zoospore movement, soil matric potential is a more appropriate measure of soil moisture than is percent maximum water holding capacity. In this study, matric potentials required for root-hair and cortical infection were determined using both tension plates and a semipermeable membrane/polyethylene glycol system. In a silt loam and sandy loam soil from western Washington, cortical infection required moisture levels greater than -150 mbars whereas in a muck soil infection was found at -200 mbars. In contrast, root-hair infection in the silt loam soil was observed at close to -800 mbars. The ability of root-hair infection to occur in these dry soil conditions is discussed in relation to the life cycle of this pathogen.
机译：第一部分。本研究分析了美国西海岸十字花科植物产区发生的芸苔疟原虫的病态或种族。使用欧洲Clubroot差异集（ECD），发现所有集合都显示出相似的毒力特征。收集的ECD代号分别为16/02/31或16/03/31，均与第7种族相对应。需要从一位表现出有限感染的ECD寄主收集孢子，然后将这些孢子重新接种到同一和其他ECD寄主上。重要的是，要验证低频率下的毒力基因的存在。；第2部分。石灰从历史上一直被推荐用于俱乐部根的控制，但并不总是有效的。进行这项工作是为了评估可能影响石灰有效性的变量，例如石灰与土壤的混合程度，石灰石的细度（CaCO（，3））以及根际中氮源的残留碱性或酸性。 。充分混合后，石灰土中pH的变化降低，并且在温室和田间试验中始终如一地提供了最佳控制。同样，控制与石灰石的细度（CaCO（，3））和Ca（NO（，3））（，2）的使用直接相关，Ca（NO（，3））（，2）是一种据称在根际诱导残留碱性反应的肥料。第3部分。就游动孢子运动而言，土壤基质势比最大持水率百分数更适合衡量土壤湿度。在这项研究中，使用张力板和半透膜/聚乙二醇系统确定了根毛和皮质感染所需的基质潜能。在华盛顿西部的粉质壤土和沙质壤土中，皮层感染需要的水分含量应大于-150 mbars，而在渣土中则需要-200 mbars。相反，在-800 mbar附近观察到了粉壤土中的根毛感染。讨论了在这种干燥土壤条件下发生根发感染的能力，并与该病原体的生命周期相关。

著录项

  • 作者

    DOBSON, ROBIN LOWRY.;

  • 作者单位

    Washington State University.;

  • 授予单位 Washington State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1982
  • 页码 53 p.
  • 总页数 53
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物病理学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:51:32

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