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首页> 外文学位 >THE EFFECT OF HIGH GROWTH TEMPERATURE ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH WATER STRESS ON FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF TWO TROPICAL GRASSES.
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THE EFFECT OF HIGH GROWTH TEMPERATURE ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH WATER STRESS ON FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF TWO TROPICAL GRASSES.

机译：单独高温生长和结合水分胁迫对两种热带草料产量和品质的影响。

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摘要

Two tropical grass species were grown under controlled conditions to evaluate the effects of high temperature and water stress on forage growth and quality. Coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) and Kleingrass 75 (Panicum coloratum L.) were cloned, established in pots and grown under day/night temperatures of 30/20, 35/25 and 40/30 C. Two water levels (-9 and -12 bars leaf water potential) and 3 stages or age of regrowth at harvest (fifth leaf stage, 21 days regrowth, and anthesis of Kleingrass) were used at each growth temperature. Forage yield, percent leaf, plant height and number of tillers per plant were determined at each harvest. Leaf and stem fractions were analysed for in vitro dry matter digestibility, and cell wall components. Digestibility coefficients for the neutral detergent fiber, hemicellulose and cellulose fractions were determined.;Water stress reduced dry matter yield approximately 38% primarily by a reduction in tiller number per plant. The percent leaf was greater for the water stressed plants than for the well watered plants but the leaf area was less due to reduction of growth and delayed maturation.;In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) significantly decreased as growth temperature increased from 30/20 to 35/25 C (day/night) then increased as growth temperature was further increased to 40/30 C. IVDMD means for 30/20 and 40/30 C were not significantly different. The changes in dry matter digestibility were associated with changes in percent lignin, and the digestibility of the hemicellulose component of the cell wall.;At the fifth leaf stage, water stress tended to decrease in vitro dry matter digestibility of the stem fraction of Kleingrass and the stem and leaf fractions of Coastal bermudagrass. This decrease was associated with a decrease in the percent and digestibility of cellulose, and an increase in the percent of lignin of the water stressed plants. At the more mature stages of regrowth, water stress did not alter IVDMD of the leaf or stem fractions of Coastal Bermudagrass or Kleingrass.;Increased growth temperatures significantly increased dry matter yield by accelerating maturation rate and development of individual tillers. Significant increases in leaf area, weight per tiller and plant height with increased growth temperature were observed, but increased temperature did not influence the percent leaf of the plants.
机译：在受控条件下种植了两种热带草种，以评估高温和水分胁迫对草料生长和品质的影响。克隆沿海百慕大草（Cynodon dactylon（L.）Pers。）和Kleingrass 75（Panicum coloratum L.），在盆中建立，并在30 / 20、35 / 25和40/30 C的昼/夜温度下生长。两种水在每个生长温度下，均使用三氧化氮水平（-9和-12巴的叶片水势）和收获时的3个阶段或再生年龄（第5叶阶段，21天再生和花椒的花期）。在每次收获时确定草料产量，叶片百分比，植物高度和每株分till数量。分析叶和茎级分的体外干物质消化率和细胞壁成分。确定了中性洗涤剂纤维，半纤维素和纤维素级分的消化系数。水分胁迫主要是通过减少每棵植物的分er数来减少干物质产量约38％。水分胁迫植物的叶子百分比大于水分充足植物的叶子百分比，但由于生长减少和延迟成熟，叶子面积较小；随着生长温度从30/20升高，体外干物质消化率（IVDMD）显着降低到35/25 C（白天/晚上），然后随着生长温度进一步提高到40/30 C而增加。30/20和40/30 C的IVDMD平均值无显着差异。干物质消化率的变化与木质素百分数的变化以及细胞壁半纤维素成分的消化率有关。在第五叶期，水分胁迫倾向于降低克雷格氏菌茎部分的体外干物质消化率。沿海百慕大草的茎和叶级分。这种减少与水分胁迫植物的纤维素百分比和消化率的降低以及木质素百分比的增加有关。在再生的较成熟阶段，水分胁迫并没有改变百慕大百慕大草或Kleingrass叶片或茎部分的IVDMD。生长温度的升高通过加速成熟率和各个分development的发育而显着提高了干物质的产量。观察到随着生长温度的升高，叶面积，每分weight重和植物高度显着增加，但是温度升高并未影响植物的叶百分比。

著录项

  • 作者

    BADE, DAVID HEINIE.;

  • 作者单位

    Texas A&M University.;

  • 授予单位 Texas A&M University.;
  • 学科 Agronomy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1982
  • 页码 126 p.
  • 总页数 126
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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