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FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE U.S. AND JAPANESE STEEL INDUSTRIES.

机译：要素生产率和国际竞争力：美国和日本钢铁行业的比较研究。

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摘要

The dissertation analyzes the nature of technological changes that occurred in the U.S. and Japanese steel industries for the period 1956-1976. It estimates the rates of factor-augmenting technological changes and growth rates of total factor productivity, and examines the effects of such changes on international competitiveness. It also tests two major theories of bias in technical progress for the case of the steel industry.;In the literature on technological change, specific forms of production functions such as translog functions are used extensively. However, this study estimates the rates of technical changes without explicitly specifying the form of the production functions. The study adopts production functions employing technical changes of the factor-augmenting type with constant returns to scale. It utilizes data from the Federal Trade Commission study of the U.S. steel industry (1977) together with data from the Japan Iron and Steel Federation and Japan Steel Newspaper Corporation (Tekko Nenkan).;The study finds that there is a significant difference in the rates of growth of total factor productivity between the U.S. and Japanese steel industries, and that the difference in factor productivity between the two countries is positively related to the percentage change in U.S. steel imports from Japan. The study concludes that lagging factor productivity growth in the U.S. steel industry is mainly responsible for the growth of U.S. steel imports.;Many authors have dealt with the competitiveness of the U.S. steel industry, focusing on such issues as 'cheap foreign labor', dumping, government intervention, etc. However, not much attention has been paid to the technology and factor productivity aspects of the problem. Moreover, virtually all of the existing studies employed only descriptive methods. The present study develops a formal model first, and then quantifies the situation in the international steel market by estimating and contrasting the indexes of total factor productivity growth between the U.S. and Japanese steel industries.
机译：本文分析了1956年至1976年期间美国和日本钢铁行业发生的技术变革的性质。它估计了要素增加型技术变化的速率和总要素生产率的增长率，并研究了这种变化对国际竞争力的影响。它还测试了钢铁行业案例中技术进步的两种主要偏见。但是，这项研究估计了技术变化的速度，而没有明确说明生产功能的形式。这项研究采用了生产功能，该生产功能采用了要素增加类型的技术变更，并且规模收益不变。它利用了美国联邦贸易委员会对美国钢铁业的研究（1977）以及日本钢铁联合会和日本钢铁报业公司（Tekko Nenkan）的数据。该研究发现，两者之间的费率存在显着差异。日钢工业之间全要素生产率增长的关系，以及两国之间要素生产率的差异与美国从日本进口钢铁的百分比变化呈正相关。研究得出的结论是，美国钢铁行业生产率增长的滞后因素主要是美国钢铁进口的增长。;许多作者已经研究了美国钢铁行业的竞争力，重点关注“廉价外国劳动力”，倾销等问题。 ，政府干预等。但是，对问题的技术和要素生产率方面的关注并不多。此外，几乎所有现有研究都仅采用描述性方法。本研究首先建立一个正式模型，然后通过估算和对比美国和日本钢铁行业之间的全要素生产率增长指标来量化国际钢铁市场的情况。

著录项

  • 作者

    KIM, YEW-KY.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Economics General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1981
  • 页码 149 p.
  • 总页数 149
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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