• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >INFORMATION PROCESSING UNDER UNCERTAINTY: MASS MEDIA AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION EFFECTS ON RESPONSE TO NEAR PREDICTIONS OF EARTHQUAKES.
【24h】

INFORMATION PROCESSING UNDER UNCERTAINTY: MASS MEDIA AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION EFFECTS ON RESPONSE TO NEAR PREDICTIONS OF EARTHQUAKES.

机译：不确定性下的信息处理：大众媒体和人际交流对地震近预报的响应作用。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

This study examines the effectiveness of different patterns of communication in disseminating information and evoking public response to near predictions of earthquakes. These patterns of communication include: (1) interpersonal discussion supplementing the mass media (a two-step flow model); (2) exclusive reliance on the mass media (a one-step flow model); and (3) disproportionate reliance on interpersonal discussion (rumoring). Specifically, we examine the relationship between patterns of communication use and awareness of near predictions, understanding of near predictions, and the decision to adopt personal and preparedness measures.; The data for the study were obtained from a sample survey of 1450 Los Angeles County residents conducted in February and March, 1977. The findings describe the public state of mind approximately one year after the announcement of the southern California Uplift, and from one to three months after the period of concern with the Minturn forecast.; The study revealed that the majority of Los Angeles County residents have heard at least one prediction about earthquakes in the southern California area during 1976. The mass media, in particular television, was most frequently mentioned as the chief source of information on prediction announcements.; While few respondents mentioned "people" as their chief source of information on prediction announcements, the majority of respondents indicated that they had discussed the earthquake possibility within informal networks. The majority of people in the sample supplemented the mass media with interpersonal discussion, which suggests that the use of the media in conjunction with discussion is the most effective way to arouse public awareness of prediction announcements.; The importance of supplementing the media with interpersonal discussion is illustrated by the fact that people who rely disproportionately on discussion are less likely to understand the significance of the earthquake threat than people who receive information from the mass media. However, the data indicate that exclusive reliance on the media are inadequate to stimulate people to take personal preparedness measures. People who rely exclusively on the media are less likely to take measures to prepare for a future quake than people who engage in interpersonal discussion.; Perception of the earthquake threat as a relevant concern was found to influence whether people verify media reports through interpersonal channels. People who understand the significance of the current threat and people who have prior earthquake experience more often supplement the media with interpersonal discussion than people who do not perceive the earthquake threat as personally relevant.; The importance of interpersonal discussion as a supplement to the media is further illustrated by the influence of social circles upon decision-making about the earthquake threat. The data suggest that social circles, formed on the basis of a common interest in earthquake matters, can motivate people to seek additional information on earthquake topics. In addition, participation in such circles may serve as a source of social support for people who perceive the earthquake threat as personally relevant. Participants are more likely to understand the significance of prediction announcements and to prepare for a future quake than people outside these social circles.; We conclude that social circles based upon an incipient interest in earthquake matters can help mobilize public response to earthquake predictions in one of two ways. First, through a network of overlapping circles, the definition of the situation as "threatening" can be disseminated to other segments of the public. Second, by serving as models or prototypes of imitation, social circles can legitimate earthquake preparedness as a proposed line of action, thereby influencing others to overcome the normalcy bias.
机译：这项研究检验了不同传播方式在传播信息和唤起公众对地震的近期预报方面的有效性。这些交流方式包括：（1）人际讨论补充大众媒体（两步流动模型）； （2）完全依赖大众传播媒介（一站式流动模型）； （3）过度依赖人际讨论（谣言）。具体来说，我们研究了沟通使用模式与近期预测意识，对近期预测的理解以及采用个人和准备措施的决定之间的关系。该研究的数据来自1977年2月和3月对1450名洛杉矶县居民进行的抽样调查。这些发现描述了南加州隆起宣布后大约一年以及从一到三年的公众心态。与Minturn预测有关的时间之后的几个月；该研究表明，洛杉矶县的大多数居民至少听说过有关1976年南加州地区地震的预言。最经常提到的是大众传媒，特别是电视，是预报公告的主要信息来源。尽管很少有受访者提到“人”是他们有关预报公告的主要信息来源，但大多数受访者表示，他们已经在非正式网络中讨论了地震的可能性。样本中的大多数人通过人际讨论为大众媒体提供了补充，这表明媒体与讨论相结合是唤起公众对预测公告的意识的最有效方法。人与人之间的讨论为媒体提供补充的重要性体现在以下事实上：与大众传播信息相比，过分依赖讨论的人们不太可能理解地震威胁的重要性。但是，数据表明，仅依靠媒体不足以刺激人们采取个人防备措施。与从事人际讨论的人相比，完全依赖媒体的人不太可能采取措施为未来的地震做准备。人们发现将地震威胁视为一个相关问题会影响人们是否通过人际关系渠道核实媒体报道。与不认为地震威胁具有个人相关性的人相比，了解当前威胁的重要性的人和有地震经历的人更经常通过人际讨论来补充媒体。社交圈对地震威胁决策的影响进一步说明了人际讨论作为媒体补充的重要性。数据表明，在地震事务上具有共同利益的社会圈子可以激励人们寻求有关地震主题的更多信息。此外，参与此类活动的圈子可以为那些认为地震威胁与个人息息相关的人们提供社会支持。与这些社交圈之外的人相比，参与者更可能了解预测声明的重要性并为未来的地震做准备。我们得出的结论是，基于对地震事务的初衷的社会圈子可以通过以下两种方式之一来帮助动员公众对地震预测的反应。首先，通过重叠的圈子网络，可以将“威胁”情况的定义传播给其他人群。其次，通过充当模仿的模型或原型，社会圈子可以使地震防范合法化为拟议的行动方案，从而影响其他人以克服常态性偏见。

著录项

  • 作者

    PAZ, DENISE HELLER.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Los Angeles.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Los Angeles.;
  • 学科 Sociology General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1980
  • 页码 414 p.
  • 总页数 414
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 社会学;
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号