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首页> 外文学位 >Discovery, distribution, and eradication potential of the introduced mud crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisii, in the Panama Canal.
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Discovery, distribution, and eradication potential of the introduced mud crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisii, in the Panama Canal.

机译：在巴拿马运河引入的泥蟹Rhithropanopeus harrisii的发现，分布和根除潜力。

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摘要

Eradication of invasive species is an eminent concept in conservation biology. After prevention is no longer an option, many ecologists argue that eradication is the most effective way to mitigate the risk of impacts from invasive species, given the elevated costs and often prolonged environmental effects of long-term control strategies. In the majority of systems, eradication is most likely to succeed early in the invasion process, when an invader is localized. However, rarely is early eradication considered in practice. This paradox may result from the many uncertainties regarding the future spread and impacts of novel invaders and managers lacking practical guidance to make logical decisions to manage them. In this thesis, I use a case study of an introduced mud crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisii, to propose guidelines for rapidly assessing and communicating the feasibility and the benefits of early eradication. First, I document the recent discovery of an established population of R. harrisii in the Panama Canal, highlighting how maritime traffic in this hub of international shipping may further increase the spread of this invader worldwide. Second, I evaluate the distribution, abundance, and demographics of R. harrisii across the Panama Canal with a standardized quantitative survey; I also assess the crab's potential for spread beyond its distribution in the Canal with two laboratory experiments. Third, I develop an analytical framework for evaluating the feasibility of a rapid response to eradicate R. harrisii and for communicating the potential benefits of this management strategy to decision-makers. My results indicate that R. harrisii currently occupies a limited range within two manmade lagoons adjacent to the Panama Canal, suggesting that eradication may be feasible. Furthermore, salinity tolerance experiments revealed that adults and juveniles could survive in locations within the Canal proper, should their habitat be modified according to the Panama Canal expansion plan. Building on this case study, I suggest a general framework to contend with major challenges of rapid response efforts: limited information about novel invaders, limited time for management, and limited communication between scientists and decision-makers.
机译：根除入侵物种是保护生物学的一个重要概念。在预防已不再是一种选择之后，许多生态学家认为，鉴于长期控制策略的成本高昂且经常对环境产生长期影响，根除是减轻入侵物种影响风险的最有效方法。在大多数系统中，当入侵者被本地化时，根除很可能在入侵过程的早期成功。但是，实践中很少考虑早期根除。这种悖论可能是由于新的入侵者和管理者缺乏关于制定合理决策来管理他们的实际指导的未来传播和影响的许多不确定性造成的。在本文中，我以引入的泥蟹Rhithropanopeus harrisii为例，提出了快速评估和传达早期根除的可行性和益处的指南。首先，我记录了最近在巴拿马运河中发现的哈里斯氏梭菌种群的发现，强调了在这一国际航运枢纽中的海上交通如何可能进一步增加这一入侵者在世界范围内的传播。其次，我通过标准化的定量调查来评估哈里斯河鲈的分布，数量和人口统计。我还通过两个实验室实验评估了螃蟹在运河中传播的可能性。第三，我建立了一个分析框架，用于评估快速根除哈里斯氏菌的可行性，并将该管理策略的潜在利益传达给决策者。我的研究结果表明，目前哈里氏梭菌在巴拿马运河附近的两个人造泻湖中占据的范围有限，这表明根除可能是可行的。此外，耐盐性实验表明，如果根据巴拿马运河的扩建计划对其栖息地进行改造，成年和未成年人可以在运河内适当的地方生存。在此案例研究的基础上，我提出了一个应对快速响应工作所面临的主要挑战的总体框架：有关新侵略者的信息有限，管理时间有限以及科学家与决策者之间的沟通有限。

著录项

  • 作者

    Roche, Dominique.;

  • 作者单位

    McGill University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 McGill University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 107 p.
  • 总页数 107
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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